In the context of forensic cryptocurrency investigations, which statement best describes how attribution data are collected?
Answer(s): B
Attribution data involves linking blockchain addresses to real-world entities, which is derived from a combination of public sources (blockchain explorers, public databases) and non-public sources (law enforcement databases, commercial analytics, exchange records).Relying solely on blockchain data (C) or darknet sources (D) is insufficient. Business records (A) are part of non-public sources.DFSA and FATF AML guidance underscore the multi-source approach for effective forensic attribution.
What is the most pertinent item for a cryptoasset money services business to include in a suspicious activity report?
Answer(s): A
SARs should include detailed transactional information to support investigations, including all types and aggregate amounts of cryptocurrencies purchased, along with fiat currency equivalents. This information provides a clear picture of the subject's activity and financial scale.Owner names of destination wallets (B) may not be available; onboarding info (D) is supplementary, and fiat aggregate totals (C) alone are insufficient.FATF and DFSA guidance recommend comprehensive transactional data inclusion in SARs to facilitate law enforcement.
According to the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network's Guidance 2019-G0001 pertaining to convertible virtual currencies, a money transmitter includes companies that:
The FinCEN 2019 guidance clarifies that money transmitters include entities that exchange digital tokens or convertible virtual currencies as part of their business activities. This includes exchanges and platforms that transfer virtual currencies.Providing infrastructure services (B), operating clearance systems solely among regulated institutions (C), or acting as payment processors for goods/services (D) without handling value transfer do not fall under the money transmitter definition per this guidance.
Which is an accurate description of a Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO)?
DAOs are decentralized organizational structures where protocol governance and operational decisions are made collectively by token holders or participants rather than centralized management. This group voting and consensus determine how the protocol functions.DAOs do not rely on traditional contracts (D) nor necessarily require ongoing human managerial control (A). They are not simply funds with boards voting (C) but represent decentralized governance mechanisms.
Which blockchain features built-in privacy measures to prevent tracing and conceal ownership and flow of illicit funds?
Answer(s): D
Monero is a privacy-focused blockchain designed with built-in features like ring signatures, stealth addresses, and confidential transactions to obfuscate sender, receiver, and transaction amounts, making tracing difficult.Cardano, Polygon, and Ethereum are not designed primarily with these privacy features and have publicly traceable ledgers, although privacy solutions may be layered on.
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