QUESTION: 41

A company that uses AWS Organizations is using AWS IAM Identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On) to administer access to AWS accounts. A security engineer is creating a custom permission set in IAM Identity Center. The company will use the permission set across multiple accounts. An AWS managed policy and a customer managed policy are attached to the permission set. The security engineer has full administrative permissions and is operating in the management account.
When the security engineer attempts to assign the permission set to an IAM Identity Center user who has access to multiple accounts, the assignment fails.
What should the security engineer do to resolve this failure?

Create the customer managed policy in every account where the permission set is assigned. Give the customer managed policy the same name and same permissions in each account.
Remove either the AWS managed policy or the customer managed policy from the permission set. Create a second permission set that includes the removed policy. Apply the permission sets separately to the user.
Evaluate the logic of the AWS managed policy and the customer managed policy. Resolve any policy conflicts in the permission set before deployment.
Do not add the new permission set to the user. Instead, edit the user's existing permission set to include the AWS managed policy and the customer managed policy.

Answer(s): A

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QUESTION: 42

A company has thousands of AWS Lambda functions. While reviewing the Lambda functions, a security engineer discovers that sensitive information is being stored in environment variables and is viewable as plaintext in the Lambda console. The values of the sensitive information are only a few characters long.
What is the MOST cost-effective way to address this security issue?

Set up IAM policies from the Lambda console to hide access to the environment variables.
Use AWS Step Functions to store the environment variables. Access the environment variables at runtime. Use IAM permissions to restrict access to the environment variables to only the Lambda functions that require access.
Store the environment variables in AWS Secrets Manager, and access them at runtime. Use IAM permissions to restrict access to the secrets to only the Lambda functions that require access.
Store the environment variables in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store as secure string parameters, and access them at runtime. Use IAM permissions to restrict access to the parameters to only the Lambda functions that require access.

Answer(s): D

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QUESTION: 43

A security engineer is using AWS Organizations and wants to optimize SCPs. The security engineer needs to ensure that the SCPs conform to best practices.
Which approach should the security engineer take to meet this requirement?

Use AWS IAM Access Analyzer to analyze the polices. View the findings from policy validation checks.
Review AWS Trusted Advisor checks for all accounts in the organization.
Set up AWS Audit Manager. Run an assessment for all AWS Regions for all accounts.
Ensure that Amazon Inspector agents are installed on all Amazon EC2 instances in all accounts.

Answer(s): A

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QUESTION: 44

A company uses Amazon RDS for MySQL as a database engine for its applications. A recent security audit revealed an RDS instance that is not compliant with company policy for encrypting data at rest. A security engineer at the company needs to ensure that all existing RDS databases are encrypted using server-side encryption and that any future deviations from the policy are detected.
Which combination of steps should the security engineer take to accomplish this? (Choose two.)

Create an AWS Config rule to detect the creation of unencrypted RDS databases. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to trigger on the AWS Config rules compliance state change and use Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) to notify the security operations team.
Use AWS System Manager State Manager to detect RDS database encryption configuration drift. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to track state changes and use Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) to notify the security operations team.
Create a read replica for the existing unencrypted RDS database and enable replica encryption in the process. Once the replica becomes active, promote it into a standalone database instance and terminate the unencrypted database instance.
Take a snapshot of the unencrypted RDS database. Copy the snapshot and enable snapshot encryption in the process. Restore the database instance from the newly created encrypted snapshot. Terminate the unencrypted database instance.
Enable encryption for the identified unencrypted RDS instance by changing the configurations of the existing database.

Answer(s): A,D

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