QUESTION: 129

A company has an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed key with imported key material Company policy requires all encryption keys to be rotated every year.

What should a security engineer do to meet this requirement for this customer managed key?

Enable automatic key rotation annually for the existing customer managed key.
Use the AWS CLI to create an AWS Lambda function to rotate the existing customer managed key annually.
Import new key material to the existing customer managed key Manually rotate the key.
Create a new customer managed key Import new key material to the new key Point the key alias to the new key.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

To meet the requirement of rotating the AWS KMS customer managed key every year, the most appropriate solution would be to enable automatic key rotation annually for the existing customer managed key. This will ensure that AWS KMS generates new cryptographic material for the CMK

every year. AWS KMS also saves the CMK's older cryptographic material in perpetuity so it can be used to decrypt data that it encrypted. AWS KMS does not delete any rotated key material until you delete the CMK.

Reference:

: Key Rotation Enabled | Trend Micro : Rotating AWS KMS keys - AWS Key Management Service.

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QUESTION: 130

A company is using an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) AWS owned key in its application to encrypt files in an AWS account The company's security team wants the ability to change to new key material for new files whenever a potential key breach occurs A security engineer must implement a solution that gives the security team the ability to change the key whenever the team wants to do so.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Create a new customer managed key Add a key rotation schedule to the key Invoke the key rotation schedule every time the security team requests a key change.
Create a new AWS managed key Add a key rotation schedule to the key Invoke the key rotation schedule every time the security team requests a key change.
Create a key alias Create a new customer managed key every time the security team requests a key change Associate the alias with the new key.
Create a key alias Create a new AWS managed key every time the security team requests a key change Associate the alias with the new key.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

To meet the requirement of changing the key material for new files whenever a potential key breach occurs, the most appropriate solution would be to create a new customer managed key, add a key rotation schedule to the key, and invoke the key rotation schedule every time the security team requests a key change.

Reference:

: Rotating AWS KMS keys - AWS Key Management Service.

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QUESTION: 131

A company wants to remove all SSH keys permanently from a specific subset of its Amazon Linux 2 Amazon EC2 instances that are using the same 1AM instance profile However three individuals who have IAM user accounts will need to access these instances by using an SSH session to perform critical duties.

How can a security engineer provide the access to meet these requirements'?

Assign an 1AM policy to the instance profile to allow the EC2 instances to be managed by AWS Systems Manager Provide the 1AM user accounts with permission to use Systems Manager Remove the SSH keys from the EC2 instances Use Systems Manager Inventory to select the EC2 instance and connect.
Assign an 1AM policy to the 1AM user accounts to provide permission to use AWS Systems Manager Run Command Remove the SSH keys from the EC2 instances Use Run Command to open an SSH connection to the EC2 instance.
Assign an 1AM policy to the instance profile to allow the EC2 instances to be managed by AWS Systems Manager Provide the 1AM user accounts with permission to use Systems Manager Remove the SSH keys from the EC2 instances Use Systems Manager Session Manager to select the EC2 instance and connect.
Assign an 1AM policy to the 1AM user accounts to provide permission to use the EC2 service in the AWS Management Console Remove the SSH keys from the EC2 instances Connect to the EC2 instance as the ec2-user through the AWS Management Console's EC2 SSH client method.

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

To provide access to the three individuals who have IAM user accounts to access the Amazon Linux 2 Amazon EC2 instances that are using the same IAM instance profile, the most appropriate solution would be to assign an IAM policy to the instance profile to allow the EC2 instances to be managed by AWS Systems Manager, provide the IAM user accounts with permission to use Systems Manager, remove the SSH keys from the EC2 instances, and use Systems Manager Session Manager to select the EC2 instance and connect.

Reference:

: AWS Systems Manager Session Manager - AWS Systems Manager : AWS Systems.

Manager - AWS Management Console : AWS Identity and Access Management - AWS Management Console : Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud - Amazon Web Services : Amazon Linux 2 - Amazon Web Services : AWS Systems Manager - AWS Management Console : AWS Systems Manager - AWS Management Console : AWS Systems Manager - AWS Management Console.

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QUESTION: 132

A company has two VPCs in the same AWS Region and in the same AWS account Each VPC uses a CIDR block that does not overlap with the CIDR block of the other VPC One VPC contains AWS Lambda functions that run inside a subnet that accesses the internet through a NAT gateway. The Lambda functions require access to a publicly accessible Amazon Aurora MySQL database that is running in the other VPC

A security engineer determines that the Aurora database uses a security group rule that allows connections from the NAT gateway IP address that the Lambda functions use. The company's security policy states that no database should be publicly accessible.

What is the MOST secure way that the security engineer can provide the Lambda functions with access to the Aurora database?

Move the Aurora database into a private subnet that has no internet access routes in the database's current VPC Configure the Lambda functions to use the Aurora database's new private IP address to access the database Configure the Aurora databases security group to allow access from the private IP addresses of the Lambda functions.
Establish a VPC endpoint between the two VPCs in the Aurora database's VPC configure a service VPC endpoint for Amazon RDS In the Lambda functions' VPC.
configure an interface VPC endpoint that uses the service endpoint in the Aurora database's VPC Configure the service endpoint to allow connections from the Lambda functions.
Establish an AWS Direct Connect interface between the VPCs Configure the Lambda functions to use a new route table that accesses the Aurora database through the Direct Connect interface Configure the Aurora database's security group to allow access from the Direct Connect interface IP address.
Move the Lambda functions into a public subnet in their VPC Move the Aurora database into a private subnet in its VPC Configure the Lambda functions to use the Aurora database's new private IP address to access the database Configure the Aurora database to allow access from the public IP addresses of the Lambda functions.

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

This option involves creating a VPC Endpoint between the two VPCs that allows private communication between them without going through the internet or exposing any public IP addresses. In this option, a VPC endpoint for Amazon RDS will be established, and an interface VPC endpoint will be created that points to the service endpoint in the Aurora database's VPC. This way, the Lambda functions can use the private IP address of the Aurora database to access it through the VPC endpoint without exposing any public IP addresses or allowing public internet access to the database.

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QUESTION: 129

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QUESTION: 132

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