QUESTION: 33

Which of the following IEEE standards defines Ethernet and the use of copper cabling in a network?

IEEE 802.11i
IEEE 802.1X
ISO/IEC 11801
IEEE 802.3

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

The IEEE 802.3 standards define the physical layer and the media access control (MAC) sublayer of the data link layer of a wired Ethernet. These standards are made for physical connections between nodes and infrastructure devices by various types of copper or fiber cable. Infrastructure devices include hubs, switches, routers, etc. The IEEE 802.3 standard also defines the use of copper cabling in a network.Answer option A is incorrect. 802.11i, also referred to as IEEE 802.11i-2004, is a standard for wireless local area networks (WLANs). It provides improved encryption for networks that use the popular 802.11a, 802.11b (which includes Wi-Fi), and 802.11g standards. It is an amendment to the original IEEE 802.11. The 802.11i standard requires new encryption key protocols, known as Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). The 802.11i specification offers a level of security sufficient to satisfy most government agencies. However, AES requires a dedicated chip, and this may mean hardware upgrades for most existing Wi-Fi networks.

Other features of 802.11i are key caching, which facilitates fast reconnection to the server for users who have temporarily gone offline, and pre-authentication, which allows fast roaming and is ideal for use with advanced applications such as Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP).
Answer option B is incorrect. IEEE 802.1X is an IEEE Standard for port-based Network Access Control (PNAC). It is part of the IEEE 802.1 group of networking protocols. It provides an authentication mechanism to devices wishing to attach to a LAN, either establishing a point-to-point connection or preventing it if authentication fails.IEEE 802.1X defines the encapsulation of the Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) over IEEE 802 which is known as "EAP over LANs" or EAPOL. EAPOL was originally designed for IEEE 802.3 Ethernet in 802.1X-2001, but was clarified to suit other IEEE 802 LAN technologies such as IEEE 802.11 wireless and Fiber Distributed Data Interface (ISO 9314-2) in 802.1X-2004. The EAPOL protocol was also modified for use with IEEE 802.1AE (MACSec) and IEEE 802.1AR (Secure Device Identity / DevID) in 802.1X-2010.
Answer option C is incorrect. International standard ISO/IEC 11801 specifies general-purpose telecommunication cabling systems (structured cabling) that are suitable for a wide range of applications (analog and ISDN telephony, various data communication standards, building control systems, factory automation). This standard is defined by ISO/IEC. It covers both balanced copper cabling and optical fiber cabling. The standard was designed for use within commercial premises that may consist of either a single building or of multiple buildings on a campus. It was optimized for premises that span up to 3 km, up to 1 km2 office space, with between 50 and 50,000 persons, but can also be applied for installations outside this range.
A corresponding standard for small-office/home-office (SOHO) environments is ISO/IEC 15018, which also covers 1.2 GHz links for cable and satellite TV applications.

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QUESTION: 34

Fill in the blank with the appropriate word.
________________are emails that urge the recipient to forward these emails to other people.

Chain letters

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Chain letters are emails that urge the recipient to forward these emails to other people. Forwarding chain letters wastes the network bandwidth and user's time. Amy Bruce, Angels Exist, Applebees Gift Certificate, ATM Theft, Bill Gates, and Bill Gates Fortune are some good examples of chain letters.

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QUESTION: 35

Electronic communication technology refers to the technology devices used for communication among individuals or groups.
What are the risks that can impact electronic communications? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.

Unethical use of electronic communication
Application failures
Inappropriate messages or content
Equipment failures

Answer(s): A,B,C,D

Explanation:

The following are the risks of using electronic communications:
Equipment failures: One of the risks of electronic communications is equipment failures. The teleconference or Web video conference can be interrupted due to an equipment or service failure. Application failures: Application failure is also a risk during an electronic communication. Application software can fail or crash during the communication. For example: an e-mail client could fail to send or receive messages due to connection failure, communication server crashes, etc. Inappropriate messages or content: Unsolicited, junk, and spoofed e-mails are the major risks of electronic communications. Unethical use of electronic communication: Instant messengers and social networking services can be used for variety of unethical and illegal purposes. Inappropriate use of e-mail addressing: The Reply All, To:, Cc:, and Bcc: options can create privacy issues.

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QUESTION: 36

Which of the following security protocols are based on the 802.11i standard? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.

WEP
WEP2
WPA2
WPA

Answer(s): C,D

Explanation:

WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) and WPA2 are two security measures. These can be used to protect wireless networks. WPA is based on a draft version of the 802.11i standard. It defines the 4-way key handshake for Infrastructure mode (stations associated with APs) but not for Ad Hoc mode (station associated with peer station). The second generation of the WPA security protocol (WPA2) is based on the final 802.11i standard. WPA uses only TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol), whereas WPA2 can use either TKIP or an advanced AES. Theoretically, WPA is hack able, while WPA2 is not.
Answer option A is incorrect. Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is a security protocol for wireless local area networks (WLANs). It has two components, authentication and encryption. It provides security, which is equivalent to wired networks, for wireless networks. WEP encrypts data on a wireless network by using a fixed secret key. WEP incorporates a checksum in each frame to provide protection against the attacks that attempt to reveal the key stream.
Answer option B is incorrect. Presently, there is no such type of security protocol.

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