Refer to the exhibit. Company_A hosts multiple online VoD platforms. R3 is connected to MAN with a 100 Mbps link. R2 has only a 10 Mbps connection, but it has the lowest number of hops to R1. A network engineer must allow users in area 49.421 e.2331.5548.7624.00 to access online library resources, using the best possible route toward the online platforms to guarantee the highest connection quality. After the engineer implements the requirements, they notice an excessive number of routes in the R4 routing table and high memory consumption on the router. Which two actions must the engineer take to resolve the issue? (Choose two.)
Answer(s): B,D
Configure summary-address level-2 64.45.52.0 0.0.3.255 on R2:This command summarizes the routes at Level-2 on R2. It helps to reduce the number of specific routes advertised toward Level-2 routers, which in turn optimizes R4's routing table and memory consumption.Configure summary-address 64.45.52.0 255.255.252.0 level-1 on R3:This creates a summary route for Level-1, consolidating routes that are more granular into a single prefix. This reduces route advertisements in the Level-1 domain and minimizes routing table size.The excessive routes and memory consumption issue is addressed through route summarization. Summarizing routes:-Reduces the number of routes that need to be stored.-Optimizes router performance and memory usage.-Ensures only essential routes are advertised into the routing domains (Level-1 and Level-2).-
Refer to the exhibit. All routers in the network are in area 12, with IS-IS running in the default configuration as the IGP. To avoid congestion on the link from R1 to R2, the network architect planned for traffic from R1 to R3 to pass through R4. To meet the requirement, a network engineer set the metric from R1 to R4 to a cost of 15, but the traffic is still travelling through R2. Which action must the engineer take to resolve the issue?
Answer(s): C
IS-IS uses default wide metrics to calculate the shortest path, and costs are additive across links. By default, the IS-IS metric is based on the cost assigned to each link.The link from R1 to R4 was configured with a metric of 15, but traffic is still passing through R1 → R2 → R3. This indicates that the cost of R1 → R2 → R3 is still lower than the R1 → R4 → R3 path.Increasing the cost on the link R1 → R2 to 11, which makes it less preferred. Enabling narrow metrics ensures that IS-IS calculates costs using a smaller range of values (1-63), which is often simpler for controlling traffic flows.
Refer to the exhibit. OSPF is an interior routing protocol on the network. R2 is in the backbone area, and R4 is in a totally NSSA area. R5 announces only the 0.0.0.0/0 route to R4 via BGP. R4 is configured with redistribute bgp 736 metric-type 2. After the most recent maintenance window, R2 no longer has the default route via R4. Which action must the network engineer take to correct the reachability problem?
Answer(s): D
R4 is part of a totally NSSA area (area 2) and receives a default route 0.0.0.0/0 via BGP. OSPF NSSA uses Type 7 LSAs for routes redistributed into the NSSA, which are then translated into Type 5 LSAs at the ABR (R2 in this case).R2 no longer has the default route because the Type 7 LSA is not being translated into a Type 5 LSA. By default, an ABR translates Type 7 LSAs into Type 5 LSAs, but certain conditions or configurations (e.g., suppress-fa) can prevent this translation.area 2 nssa translate type7 no-suppress-fa ensures that R2 translates the Type 7 LSA (from R4) into a Type 5 LSA. This allows the default route 0.0.0.0/0 to propagate from R4 to R2 and the rest of the OSPF network.
Refer to the exhibit.Which tree does multicast traffic follow?
Answer(s): B
Which two conditions must be met before separate ISPs can provide interdomain multicast routing? (Choosetwo.)
Answer(s): A,E
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