What sequence of packets is sent during the initial TCP three-way handshake?
Answer(s): D
This is referred to as a "three way handshake." The "SYN" flags are requests by the TCP stack at one end of a socket to synchronize themselves to the sequence numbering for this new sessions. The ACK flags acknowlege earlier packets in this session. Obviously only the initial packet has no ACK flag, since there are no previous packets to acknowlege. Only the second packet (the first response from a server to a client) has both the SYN and the ACK bits set.
Exhibit:What type of attack is shown in the above diagram?
A man-in-the-middle attack (MITM) is an attack in which an attacker is able to read, insert and modify at will, messages between two parties without either party knowing that the link between them has been compromised.
Exhibit:Study the following log extract and identify the attack.
The “Get /msadc/……/……/……/winnt/system32/cmd.exe?” shows that a Unicode Directory Traversal Attack has been performed.
Exhibit: Based on the following extract from the log of a compromised machine, what is the hacker really trying to steal?
Answer(s): B
He is actually trying to get the file har.txt but this file contains a copy of the SAM file.
Exhibit:The following is an entry captured by a network IDS. You are assigned the task of analyzing this entry. You notice the value 0x90, which is the most common NOOP instruction for the Intel processor. You figure that the attacker is attempting a buffer overflow attack. You also notice "/bin/sh" in the ASCII part of the output. As an analyst what would you conclude about the attack?
This log entry shows a hacker using a buffer overflow to fill the data buffer and trying to insert the execution of /bin/sh into the executable code part of the thread. It is probably an existing exploit that is used, or a directed attack with a custom built buffer overflow with the “payload” that launches the command shell.
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