Free CMA Exam Braindumps (page: 29)

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Fitzgerald Company is planning to acquire a $250,000 machine that will provide increased efficiencies, thereby reducing annual operating costs by $80,000. The machine will be depreciated by the straight-line method over a 5-year life with no salvage value at the end of 5 years. Assuming a 40% income tax rate, the machine's payback period is

  1. 3l3years.
  2. 8.33 years.
  3. 3.68 years.
  4. 5.21 years.

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

The payback period is the number of years required to complete the return of the original investment. This measure is computed by dividing the net investment required by the average expected net cash inflow to be generated. The first step is to determine the annual cash flow. The $80,000 cost reduction will be offset by the tax expense on the savings. The full $80,000, however, will not be taxable because depreciation can be deducted before computing income taxes. Allocating the $250,000 cost evenly over 5 years produces an annual depreciation expense of $50000. Thus, taxable income will be $30,000 ($80,000 -- $50,000). At a 40% tax rate, the tax on $30,000 is $12,000. The net annual cash inflow is therefore $68,000 ($80,000-- $12,000), and the payback period is 3.68 years ($250,000 investment + $68,000).



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When ranking two mutually exclusive investments with different initial amounts, management should give first priority to the project

  1. That generates cash flows for the longer period of time.
  2. Whose net after-tax flows equal the initial investment?
  3. That has the greater accounting rate of return.
  4. That has the greater profitability index.

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

The profitability (excess present value) index facilitates the comparison of investments that have different initial costs. The profitability index equals the present value of future net cash inflows divided by the initial cash investment. The investment with the greater profitability index will be the preferred investment. However, if investments are mutually exclusive, the net present value method may be the better way of ranking projects. The excess present value index indicates the best return per dollar invested but does not consider the alternative possibilities for unused funds. Thus, the smaller of the mutually exclusive projects may have the higher index, but the incremental investment in the larger project may make it the better choice. For example, an $8,000,000 project may be a better use of funds than a combination of a $6,000,000 project with a higher index and the best alternative use of the remaining $2,000,000.



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The bailout payback method

  1. Is used by firms with federally insured loans.
  2. Calculates the payback period using the sum of the net cash flows and the salvage value.
  3. Calculates the payback period using the difference between net cash inflow and the salvage value.
  4. Estimates short-term profit ability.

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

The bailout payback period is the length of time required for the sum of the cumulative net cash inflow from an investment and its salvage value to equal the original investment. The bailout payback method measures 11the risk to the investor if the investment must be abandoned. The shorter the period, the lower the risk.



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Jorelle Company's financial staff has been requested to review a proposed investment in new capital equipment. Applicable financial data is presented below. There will be no salvage value at the end of the investment's life and, due to realistic depreciation practices, it is estimated that the salvage value and net book value are equal at the end of each year. All cash flows are assumed to take place at the end of each year. For investment proposals, Jorelle uses a 12% after-tax target rate of return.


The accounting rate of return on the average investment proposal is

  1. 12.0%
  2. 17.2%
  3. 28.0%
  4. 34.4%

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

The accounting rate of return (unadjusted rate of return or book value rate of return) equals accounting net income divided by the required average investment. The accounting rate of return ignores the time value of money. The average income over 5 years is $43,000 per year [($35000 + $39,000 + $43000 + $47,000 + $51,000) ÷ 5]. Hence, the accounting rate of return is 34.4% [$43,000 ($250,000 ÷ 2)].



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