Free CMA Exam Braindumps (page: 54)

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What is a challenge that the long-term aspect of capital budgeting presents to the management accountant?

  1. Activity can be tracked for a single accounting period.
  2. Capital projects affect multiple accounting periods.
  3. The flexibility of the capital budgeting decision.
  4. Freedom of the organization's financial planning.

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

Capital budgeting is the process of planning and controlling investments for long-term projects. It is this long-term aspect of capital budgeting that presents the management accountant with specific challenges. Most financial and management accounting topics concern tracking and reporting activity for a single accounting or reporting cycle, such as one month or one year. By their nature, capital projects affect multiple accounting periods and will constrain the organization's financial planning well into the future. Once made, capital budgeting decisions tend to be relatively inflexible.



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Which of the following is not a category of relevant cash flows?

  1. Annual net cash flows.
  2. Project termination cash flows.
  3. Incremental cash flows.
  4. Net initial investment.

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

Relevant cash flows are a much more reliable guide when judging capital projects, since only they provide a true measure of a project's potential to affect shareholder value. The relevant cash flows can be divided into three categories: (1) net initial investment, (2) annual net cash flows, and (3) project termination cash flows. An incremental cash flow is the difference in cash received or disbursed resulting from selecting one option instead of another. It is not a category of relevant cash flows.



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The capital budgeting process contains several stages. At which stage are financial and non-financial factors addressed?

  1. Identification and definition.
  2. Selection.
  3. Search.
  4. Information-acquisition.

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

During the information-acquisition stage of the capital budgeting process, quantitative financial factors are given the most scrutiny. These include initial investment and periodic cash inflow. Nonfinancial measures, both quantitative and qualitative, are also identified and addressed. Examples include the need for additional training on new equipment and uncertainty about technological developments and competitors' actions.



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Book rate of return is an unsatisfactory guide to selecting capital projects because

I). It uses accrual accounting numbers.
II). It compares a single project against the average of capital projects.
Ill). It uses cash flows to gauge the desirability of the project.

  1. l only.
  2. l & ll.
  3. Ill only.
  4. l, II,& III.

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

A common misstep in regard to capital budgeting is the temptation to gauge the desirability of a project by using accrual accounting numbers instead of cash flows. Net income and book value are affected by the company's choices of accounting methods. A project's true rate of return cannot be dependent on bookkeeping decisions. Another distortion inherent in comparing a single project's book rate of return to the current one for the company as a whole is that the latter is an average of all of a firm's capital projects. Embedded in that average number may be a handful of good projects making up for a large number of poor investments.



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