To achieve leverage in long positions, a bank can use the following strategy:
I) Securities may be purchased with borrowed funds using a bank loan from the broker.
II) Securities may be borrowed on margin by taking a loan from a broker.
III) Securities may be purchased and used in a repo transaction to generate cash for further security purchases.
IV) The bank may enter into a derivative transaction, such as a total return swap, that requires little to no collateral but mimics the performance of a long or short position in the underlying instrument.
- I, II
- I, III
- II, IV
- I, II, III, IV
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