IIA IIA-CIA-Part3 Exam Prep
Certified Internal Auditor - Part 3, Business Analysis and Information Technology (Page 31 )

• Domain controllers, because the requirement specifically excludes them. However, note that both member servers and domain controllers run Windows Server, so OS targeting alone cannot distinguish them unless the targeting option allows selecting the relevant server role/version. In the usual exam interpretation, target the applicable server OS category.
• Client computers, because they run a client Windows operating system.

• Domain: Targets membership in a domain, not the computer’s operating-system type.
• Security Group: Would require creating and maintaining a group containing all member servers, increasing administrative effort.
• Environment Variable: Not designed to reliably identify member servers.

• Creating and training machine-learning models
• Testing and evaluating models
• Deploying models as usable endpoints

• A — Increased call deflection: o KCS disponibiliza conhecimento reutilizável para clientes e agentes, ajudando a resolver dúvidas sem abrir ou continuar chamadas.
• C — Reduced issue resolution time: os representantes reutilizam artigos e soluções já documentadas, acelerando o atendimento.
• E — Optimized use of resources: o conhecimento compartilhado reduz retrabalho e melhora o uso dos recursos da equipe.

• COE: Identifies the Center of Excellence, such as Payroll or Benefits.
• Topic Detail: Classifies the HR service within its COE; it does not identify the catalog item.
• Template: Supplies default values or case configuration.
• Record Producer: Represents the catalog item that employees use to submit the request and create the case.

1. Initiation

1. Planning

1. Execution

1. Monitoring and controlling

1. Closing

• Limiting the number of MAC addresses learned on a switch port
• Allowing only specific, approved MAC addresses
• Taking action when the limit is exceeded, such as dropping frames or disabling the port

• Company documents
• Databases
• Knowledge bases
• Current web or business data

• A: Describes diversity and inclusive design, not grounding.
• B: Describes explainability or model interpretability.
• D: Describes documenting a model’s capabilities and limitations.

• MFA: Protects sign-in and authentication.
• Azure Key Vault: Protects deployment secrets and credentials.
• Answer: No (B).

• A: Not expanding would increase its dependence.
• B: More business from the same corporation would make dependence worse.
• D: Passing work to other minority businesses does not solve its own dependence.
• E: The passage does not suggest that it can force or influence the corporation to give work to others.

1. Yes — One account can manage multiple subscriptions

1. No — You cannot merge two subscriptions into one

1. Yes — A resource belongs to only one subscription

Recommended process

1. Access each switch’s terminal.
2. Use help to identify available commands.
3. Use the MAC table command, such as:

text 
   show mac-address-table

1. Use VLAN information, such as:

text 
   show vlan

1. Use interface information, such as:

text 
   show ip interface brief

1. Record each device’s:

sql 
ALTER TABLE dbo.DimCustomer 
ADD CONSTRAINT PK_DimCustomer 
PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED (CustomerKey) 
NOT ENFORCED;

1. ALTER TABLE dbo.DimCustomer
2. ADD CONSTRAINT PK_DimCustomer PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED (CustomerKey)
3. NOT ENFORCED

• Run the backup with WITH CHECKSUM
• Store the backup on an SMB network share

sql 
BACKUP DATABASE DB1 
TO DISK = '\\FileServer\SqlBackups\DB1_full.bak' 
WITH CHECKSUM;

• DMS does not create the SQL Server backups for you.
• You must provide a valid full database backup.
• You must continue taking transaction log backups while the source database remains online.
• The full backup and subsequent log backups must be available in the SMB share that DMS can access.
• WITH CHECKSUM enables backup checksum validation, helping detect backup corruption.

• 10.2.1.0 — network address
• 10.2.1.1 — usable host
• 10.2.1.2 — usable host
• 10.2.1.3 — broadcast address

• up ? down ? up
• Often happens rapidly or intermittently

• Faulty or loose cable or connector
• Failing transceiver, NIC, or switch port
• Speed/duplex or auto-negotiation problems
• Power or hardware instability
• Layer 1 interference

• Nothing plugged in: the port is simply down
• Latency: does not directly trigger err-disable
• shutdown: administratively disables the port, but that is not the same as an automatically detected err-disabled condition

• Malware or malicious software
• Command-and-control tools
• Internet surveillance and intrusion software

• ITAR: A U.S. regulation controlling defense-related articles and services; it is not the international arrangement described.
• Palermo Convention: Focuses on transnational organized crime and related protocols, not export controls for cyber weapons.
• GDPR: European data-protection and privacy legislation.

• Information sources: Collect security-related data, such as network packets, system logs, audit records, or application events.
• Analysis: Examines the collected data to identify suspicious activity, attacks, or policy violations.
• Response: Takes or recommends action, such as generating alerts, logging the event, or supporting a protective response.

• PC A: 192.168.1.10/24
• PC B: 192.168.2.10/24

• Both PCs have a correct default gateway
• A router or Layer 3 switch connects the subnets
• Routing and firewall rules allow the traffic

• AES: Symmetric block cipher; modern and widely recommended.
• DES: Symmetric block cipher, but obsolete because its key size is too small.
• IDEA: Symmetric block cipher.
• PGP: An encryption system/application that uses a hybrid approach. It is not itself a single symmetric block cipher.

• Outer packet: 10.5.1.1 > 52.165.16.154
• IPv4 protocol field: 41, which indicates IPv6 encapsulation
• Inner packet: IPv6 traffic between 2001:... addresses

• MAC address spoofing: Changes Layer 2 addressing; it does not explain the IPv6-in-IPv4 structure.
• Steganography: Hides data inside files or media, not visibly in a tunneled protocol.
• Broken encryption: No evidence of encryption being cracked.
• On-path sniffing: Involves intercepting traffic, not sending data to an external host.

• NTLM: Uses Windows challenge-response authentication and does not provide the normal web-based MFA redirect flow.
• Single Sign-On: Automatically reuses existing credentials; it is intended to avoid prompting, not to support an MFA workflow.
• Transparent: Intercepts the session without redirecting the user to a separate authentication page.

• Defender for Servers is the Defender for Cloud plan that protects Azure VMs and generates security alerts that can be reviewed in Defender for Cloud.
• Azure Diagnostics extension collects guest OS monitoring data, but it does not onboard VMs to Defender for Cloud or provide Defender security alerts.
• Data connectors are used for Sentinel integrations.
• Azure Storage Analytics and workflow automation do not provide VM protection.

• Disabling a compromised account
• Blocking a malicious IP address
• Isolating an endpoint
• Creating or escalating an incident ticket

• Virus signatures: Primarily associated with antivirus or endpoint protection.
• Security agent deployment: Usually handled by endpoint-management or security-agent platforms.
• Vulnerability scanning: Typically performed by vulnerability-management tools.

• state preserves the client’s original context, such as the specific idea URL the user requested.
• The portal sends that value in the OAuth authorization request.
• Salesforce returns it after authorization, allowing the portal to redirect the user to the original idea rather than the Ideas home page.

• Active remediation actions role in Microsoft Defender for Endpoint

• Security Reader role in Azure AD/Entra ID

• Security Administrator is broader than necessary because it grants extensive security-management permissions, violating least privilege.
• Compliance Data Administrator is intended for compliance data management, not Defender for Endpoint remediation approvals.

• Microsoft Purview portal: Create and manage sensitivity labels and configure support for sensitivity labels used with Office files in SharePoint and OneDrive.
• SharePoint admin center: Primarily manages SharePoint settings. Older guidance and PowerShell procedures used SharePoint tenant configuration, which can make this question confusing.
• IRM: Concerns Information Rights Management and is a separate protection mechanism; it should not be used to identify the portal for configuring Microsoft Purview sensitivity labels.

• Internal hostnames and subdomains
• Network structure and naming conventions
• Servers and services
• Relationships between systems

• Determining ISP-assigned address space: Usually involves external registration and DNS information, not internal host discovery.
• Bypassing DNS sinkholing: Would require evidence that malicious DNS requests avoided redirection.
• Initial access: DNS queries alone do not show that the attacker gained access.
• Exfiltrating data: DNS tunneling can do this, but the snippet would typically show encoded or unusually long DNS queries.

• Allow the team to identify the causes of delays.
• Encourage improvements to processes, tools, and collaboration.
• Help remove impediments without dictating solutions.
• Protect quality and maintain a sustainable pace.

• A: An impediment log may help track issues, but merely recording them does not resolve the root causes.
• B: Directing teams toward solutions conflicts with the agile principle of a self-managing team.
• C: Adding impediments to the product backlog may delay their resolution and incorrectly treats them as product features.

• CBWFQ (Class-Based Weighted Fair Queuing): Creates traffic classes and assigns each class a guaranteed bandwidth or queueing treatment.
• PQ (Priority Queuing): Uses multiple queues with strict priority. Higher-priority queues are serviced before lower-priority queues, making it useful for delay-sensitive traffic—but it can starve lower-priority traffic.

• FRTS: Traffic shaping for Frame Relay; it controls the transmission rate rather than selecting packets during congestion.
• CAR: Polices traffic by rate, typically dropping or remarking packets that exceed a limit.
• PBR: Policy-Based Routing; it selects forwarding paths and is not a QoS queueing mechanism.

• 50% memory utilization: Virtualized infrastructure allows resources to be pooled and allocated efficiently instead of dedicating physical capacity to each application.
• Storage scalability: IaaS platforms can expand storage as demand increases.
• Single circuit failure resilience: A properly designed cloud provider’s infrastructure typically uses redundant power circuits and other infrastructure, so one circuit failure should not take the platform offline.

• A — Dual PDUs: Improves power redundancy but does not address scalable storage or memory utilization.
• C — Network load balancing: Provides network-path resilience, not storage scalability or power-circuit resilience.
• D — Multiple NAS devices: Helps with storage capacity, but does not directly provide efficient memory utilization or protection from a single circuit failure.

• Due diligence: Researching and evaluating a third party before entering or continuing a business relationship.
• Internal audit: Evaluates controls within the organization itself.
• Penetration testing: Actively tests systems for exploitable vulnerabilities.
• Attestation: A formal statement or report—such as a SOC 2 report—provided by an independent party about an organization’s controls.

• A — Capacity: The system must handle all current records and anticipated future records. A system that cannot cope with volume will quickly become ineffective.
• C — Accuracy: Academic records are critical, so the new system must be at least as accurate as the existing system and comparable systems. Poor accuracy could cause serious administrative and reputational problems.
• D — Integration: Linking with the university’s financial systems supports consistency and avoids duplicate data entry, especially for registration, deregistration and fee-related transactions.

• B — Parallel running: This is a useful implementation and risk-control technique, but it is not an essential feature of the system itself. It may also be expensive and time-consuming.
• E — Internet access for all information: This creates significant confidentiality and security risks. External access might be needed for selected services, but unrestricted access to all information is not essential and would be inappropriate for student records.

• Fine-tuning requires a properly formatted training dataset.
• For classification or instruction-style fine-tuning, examples are supplied in JSONL format.
• Each line represents one training example, typically containing the input prompt and the desired completion or label.
• The file must then be uploaded or made available to the Microsoft Foundry fine-tuning workflow.

• A: Prompt Flow is useful for prompt experimentation, but it is not required to start fine-tuning.
• B: You do not need to deploy the base model to an online endpoint before fine-tuning.
• C: Tracing supports observability and evaluation, but it does not prepare the fine-tuning job or dataset.

• A is incorrect: Flow Debugger is for debugging Salesforce Flows, not Trust Layer masking.
• B is incomplete/misleading: Requesting audit data may be part of reviewing the results, but collection and storage must first be enabled.
• C is correct: It describes the initial validation step.

• Minimum
• Maximum
• Average
• Count
• Null/empty values
• Distinct values

• Enable column profile
• Enable details pane
• Show column profile in details pane

• Each directory is a separate identity boundary.
• Managing multiple directories increases administrative overhead.
• Users and administrators may need separate identities or additional configuration across tenants.
• Resources in a subscription are associated with one Microsoft Entra tenant.

• Management groups for governance across subscriptions
• Separate subscriptions for divisions when appropriate
• Resource groups to organize resources
• Azure role-based access control (RBAC) to give each division’s administrator access only to their own resources