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ISACA Advanced in AI Audit Questions 276–280 (page: 57)

Updated On: 12-Sep-2026

An AI model predicts vehicle component failures using data collected at different frequencies and formats based on car type.
Which of the following is the BEST course of action when evaluating data input requirements for the model?

  1. Standardize sensor data frequency and formats before model training.
  2. Prioritize the use of internally generated maintenance logs.
  3. Train separate models for each car type to simplify preprocessing.
  4. Merge sensor data into a single data set regardless of format and frequency.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Standardizing data frequency and formats ensures consistent input quality, comparability, and reliability across sources, which is essential for model validity, stable performance, and auditability when training and operating predictive AI systems.



Which of the following is the MOST relevant control to prevent data and model poisoning?

  1. Use of data from trusted sources
  2. Data masking
  3. Data anonymization
  4. Ensuring model outcomes are observable

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Using data from trusted sources directly prevents malicious data injection and manipulation at the input stage, which is the primary attack vector for both data poisoning and model poisoning, making it the most effective preventive control.



Which of the following is the MOST effective way to mitigate the risk of AI model theft?

  1. Increase the training data set size to improve model accuracy and resilience.
  2. Utilize statistical techniques to flag suspicious activity within model outputs.
  3. Implement periodic reviews to validate data quality and integrity.
  4. Simulate attacks and update query processing logic regularly.

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

Simulating attacks and regularly updating query processing logic directly addresses model extraction and inference attacks by identifying exploitation patterns and strengthening system defenses, making it the most effective operational control to mitigate the risk of AI model theft.



A healthcare provider uses an AI tool to diagnose diseases. An audit reveals inconsistencies between AI-generated diagnoses and actual real-world diagnoses.
Which of the following controls is MOST important to strengthen to help prevent future occurrences?

  1. Employee training and performance management
  2. Continuous model validation and performance monitoring framework
  3. Regulatory compliance and ethical oversight
  4. Data governance and quality assurance (QA) framework

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

A continuous model validation and performance monitoring framework ensures ongoing comparison between AI outputs and real-world outcomes, enabling early detection of model drift, accuracy degradation, and clinical reliability issues, which is essential for preventing repeated diagnostic inconsistencies in operational AI systems.



Which of the following would BEST prevent a generative AI model from disseminating inaccurate medical research results?

  1. Use of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)
  2. Use of natural language processing (NLP)
  3. Implementation of supervised learning algorithms
  4. Reduction of model temperature

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Retrieval-augmented generation grounds model outputs in verified, authoritative external sources, ensuring responses are based on validated medical research rather than probabilistic generation, which directly prevents the dissemination of inaccurate or fabricated medical information.



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