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ISACA Advanced in AI Audit Questions 296–300 (page: 61)

Updated On: 12-Sep-2026

Which of the following agentic AI models would work BEST to optimize prices of airline tickets based on demand and external market conditions?

  1. Simple reflex agents
  2. Rule-based agents
  3. Deliberative agents
  4. Learning agents

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

Learning agents adapt their pricing strategies based on historical data, demand patterns, and external market conditions, enabling dynamic optimization and continuous improvement, which is essential for competitive and responsive airline ticket pricing.



Which of the following would be of GREATEST concern to an IS auditor reviewing prompts and outputs of an AI model?

  1. Circumvention of model safeguards for sensitive information
  2. Limited retention of multiple-response conversations within the model
  3. Infrequent analysis of prompts and outputs
  4. Model responses exhibiting contextual drift

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Circumvention of model safeguards can expose sensitive or confidential information, creating material operational, compliance, and reputational risks. Ensuring that prompts and outputs do not bypass controls is critical for maintaining data protection and system integrity.



Which of the following is the GREATEST risk when an organization’s AI-based anomaly detection process lacks human-in-the-loop?

  1. Reporting of AI system malfunctions and breaches may be delayed.
  2. Operational costs may increase due to redundant logging or monitoring.
  3. Remediation steps for anomalies may not be adequately documented.
  4. Undetected patterns or outliers may lead to biased AI model outcomes.

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

Without human-in-the-loop oversight, AI systems may fail to recognize subtle patterns, outliers, or context-specific anomalies, leading to biased or incorrect model outcomes and potentially undermining operational reliability and decision-making accuracy.



A malicious actor is querying a trained AI model with inputs designed to extract sensitive information.
Which of the following is the BEST way to describe this type of attack?

  1. Data model drift
  2. Data poisoning
  3. Model theft
  4. Model inversion

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

Model inversion attacks involve querying a trained AI model to infer or reconstruct sensitive input data, compromising confidentiality without altering the model itself, which directly threatens the privacy of the underlying training data.



An IS auditor finds that the accuracy of an AI model’s predictions has suddenly and significantly decreased after retraining.
Which of the following is the MOST likely root cause?

  1. Model stealing
  2. Evasion attack
  3. Data poisoning
  4. Prompt injection

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

Data poisoning occurs when malicious or corrupted training data is introduced during retraining, causing the model’s predictions to degrade significantly and unexpectedly, which aligns with the observed sudden drop in accuracy.



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