Which statement is correct about per-flow load balancing?
Answer(s): C
Per-flow load balancing ensures that packets within the same flow are always forwarded over the same path, ensuring that packet order is preserved.Step-by-Step Breakdown:Flow Definition:A flow is typically defined by a combination of packet attributes like source/destination IP, source/destination port, and protocol type. Packets that belong to the same flow are routed over the same path to avoid reordering.Per-Flow Behavior:In per-flow load balancing, the hashing algorithm ensures that all packets in a particular flow use the same egress port, maintaining order across the network.Juniper
Load Balancing in Juniper: This method ensures that flows are balanced across multiple paths while preventing packet reordering within a single flow.
You want to minimize topology disruptions in your network when the rpd process restarts on a device. Which service would accomplish this task?
Graceful Restart (GR) is a feature that allows a router to maintain forwarding even when the routing process (e.g., the rpd process in Junos) is restarting, minimizing disruption to the network.Step-by-Step Breakdown:Graceful Restart Function:During a GR event, the forwarding plane continues to forward packets based on existing routes, while the control plane (rpd process) is restarting. This prevents traffic loss and maintains routing stability.Minimizing Disruptions:GR is particularly useful in ensuring continuous packet forwarding during software upgrades or routing protocol process restarts.Juniper
Graceful Restart in Junos: GR ensures high availability by maintaining forwarding continuity during control plane restarts, enhancing network reliability.
Which two statements are true about how switches handle Layer 2 traffic? (Choose two.)
Answer(s): B,D
In Layer 2 switching, switches learn MAC addresses based on the source MAC address of incoming frames and forward frames based on the destination MAC address.Step-by-Step Breakdown:MAC Learning:When a switch receives a frame, it records the source MAC address and the port on which it arrived. This allows the switch to know where to send traffic destined for that MAC address.Forwarding Based on Destination:The switch then looks at the destination MAC address and forwards the frame out of the port associated with that MAC address. If the MAC is unknown, the switch floods the frame to all ports.Juniper
Layer 2 Switching: Juniper switches use source MAC addresses to build MAC tables and forward traffic based on the destination MAC address.
What are two consequences of having all network devices in a single collision domain? (Choose two.)
Answer(s): C,D
A collision domain is a network segment where data packets can "collide" with one another when being sent on the same network medium.Step-by-Step Breakdown:Increased Collision Probability:If all devices are in a single collision domain, the likelihood of packet collisions increases as more devices attempt to send packets simultaneously, leading to network inefficiencies.Increased Resource Consumption:More collisions result in increased network resource consumption as devices need to retransmit packets, causing higher utilization of bandwidth and slowing down network performance.Juniper
Collision Domains: Proper network segmentation using switches reduces collision domains, thereby improving network performance and reducing packet collisions.
Which statement is correct about IBGP?
Answer(s): B
In IBGP (Internal Border Gateway Protocol), all routers within the same AS (Autonomous System) must have a logical full-mesh topology. This means that every IBGP router must be able to communicate with every other IBGP router directly or indirectly to ensure proper route propagation.Step-by-Step Breakdown:Logical Full Mesh:In an IBGP setup, routers do not re-advertise routes learned from one IBGP peer to another IBGP peer. This rule is in place to prevent routing loops within the AS. To ensure full route propagation, a logical full mesh is required, meaning every IBGP router must peer with every other IBGP router in the AS. This can be done either directly or via route reflection or confederation.Physical Full Mesh Not Required:The physical topology does not need to be a full mesh, but the BGP peering relationships must form a logical full mesh. Techniques like route reflectors or BGP confederations can reduce the need for manual full-mesh peering.Juniper
IBGP Configuration: IBGP logical full mesh requirements can be simplified using route reflectors to avoid the complexity of manually configuring many IBGP peers.
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