When giving discharge instructions to a 24-year-old client who had a short-arm cast applied for a fractured right ulna, the nurse recognizes the importance of telling him that the drying time for a plaster of Paris cast is approximately:
Answer(s): D
(A) Synthetic cast materials harden in 315 minutes. Weight bearing is permitted in 1530 minutes. Drying time for plaster of Paris is about 2472 hours. (B, C) Plaster of Paris cast materials are heavier than synthetic materials and require a drying time of 2472 hours. Synthetic materials dry within 30 minutes. (D) Plaster of Paris cast materials are heavier thansynthetic materials and require a longer period to set and dry. Even though setting time (hardening) is only 315 minutes, the drying time for plaster of Paris is 2472 hours. This depends on the size and thickness of the cast, exposure to air, and humidity in the air.
A client is being discharged from the hospital today. The discharge teaching for care of her colostomy included which of the following basic principles for protecting the skin around her stoma:
(A) When a pouch seal leaks, the pouch should be immediately changed, not taped. Stool held against the skin can quickly result in severe irritation. (B) The skin barrier should be cut only slightly larger than the stoma (one-half inch). (C) The client should be taught to change pouches whenever possible before leakage occurs. (D) When skin sealant is used under the tape, the outermost layer of the epidermis remains intact. When no skin sealant is used, this layer is removed when the tape is removed.
A client returns to the cardiovascular intensive care unit following his coronary artery bypass graft. In planning his care, the most important electrolyte the nurse needs to monitor will be:
Answer(s): C
(A) Chloride, HCO3, and sodium will need to be monitored, but monitoring these electrolytes is not as important as potassium monitoring. (B) Chloride, HCO3, and sodium will need to be monitored, but monitoring these electrolytes is not as important as potassium monitoring. (C) Potassium will need to be closely monitored because of its effects on the heart. Hypokalemia could result in supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. (D) Chloride, HCO3, and sodium will need to be monitored, but monitoring these electrolytes is not as important as potassium monitoring.
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