QUESTION: 29

Which of the following represents a cyber threat related 10 system configurations and environments?

The vulnerable system or service originating from IC1 supply chains
The operation of the system o» service depends on network services
The system or service is publicly accessible through the internet

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

A cyber threat related to system configurations and environments includes the risk posed by systems or services being publicly accessible through the internet. Public accessibility increases the attack surface and exposes the system to potential cyber threats.

Detailed
Public Accessibility:

Definition: Systems or services that can be accessed from the internet by anyone.

Risks: Increases exposure to attacks such as unauthorized access, DDoS attacks, and exploitation of vulnerabilities.

System Configuration and Environment:

Vulnerabilities: Poor configuration, lack of updates, and inadequate security measures can increase risks.

Mitigation: Implementing firewalls, access controls, and regular security audits can help mitigate these threats.

Cybersecurity

Reference:

ISO/IEC 27001: Emphasizes the importance of securing system configurations and managing public accessibility to mitigate risks.

NIST SP 800-53: Recommends controls to protect publicly accessible systems, including access controls and continuous monitoring.

By ensuring that systems are not unnecessarily publicly accessible, organizations can reduce their exposure to cyber threats.

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QUESTION: 30

Scenario 5: Pilotron is a large manufacturer known for its electric vehicles that use renewable energy. One of Its objectives Is 10 make the world a cleaner place by reducing the consumption of fossil fuels. In addition to electric vehicles, Pilotron also offers solar roof and advanced battery technology, all manufactured at its factory in Bastogne. Belgium. As one of the most Innovative manufacturers in Europe, Pilotron invests heavily in research and development to create unique components, such as motors, sensors, and batteries. In addillon, it places a strong emphasis on delivering high-quality products, and requires all employees to undergo an intensive onboarding program that includes hands-on training.

Pilotron did not prioritize the establishment of a cybersecurity program to protect its information. This became evident when a frustrated employee took advantage of the company's lack of cybersecurity measures. The employee was aware that Pilotron's existing security measures could easily be evaded The company became aware of the incident after five weeks, when a sudden surge in network data transfer raised suspicions upon investigation. Pilotron discovered that the employee had multiple requests for access to software development resources that were unrelated to their daily tasks By using a false user name and avoiding the implemented cybersecurity controls, the employee directly modified the code of one of Pilotron's products. This unauthorized code change enabled the employee to transfer highly sensitive data to external parties

Knowing that insider threats pose a significant risk and the existing security controls were ineffective. Pilotron decided to shift its cybersecurity focus toward proactive detection and prevention strategies. It implemented a security software that detects unusual access patterns, large data upload, and credential abuse Additionally, Pilotron recognized the need to help improve the security of Its systems by Isolating devices (PCs. servers) on the opposite sides of a firewall.

The company also implemented an identity management solution to ensure the verification of Individuals requesting access. It decided to implement a mechanism that ensured only authorized individuals can access sensitive systems and dat

In addition to the traditional username and password, employees were now required to provide a unique personal identifier, such as a fingerprint, as well as a one-time verification code generated through a mobile app
Moreover, in order to enhance security measures and gain the benefits of cloud computing, Pilotron decided to leverage cloud based services. A kiv factor in Pilotroo's decision was the capability to construct and oversee its personalized Infrastructure Instead of depending on pre-set platforms or software applications, the company could craft its virtualized environments. The significant level of customization is of utmost importance to Pilotron since it enables adjusting its infrastructure to align with the specific requirements of its projects and clients.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
What security software did Pilotron implement to mitigate internal attacks?
Security incident and event management (SIEM)
User behavior analytics (UBA)
Extended detection and response (XDR)

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

Pilotron implemented User Behavior Analytics (UBA) to mitigate internal attacks. UBA involves monitoring user activities to detect unusual patterns that may indicate potential security threats, such as insider threats.

Detailed
User Behavior Analytics (UBA):

Definition: A cybersecurity process that tracks user behavior to detect anomalies that may signify security risks.

Function: Analyzes patterns of behavior, such as access to data, login times, and usage of resources, to identify deviations from the norm.

Application in the Scenario:

Detection: Identifying unusual access patterns, large data uploads, and credential abuse.

Mitigation: Alerts security teams to potential insider threats, allowing for timely investigation and response.

Cybersecurity

Reference:

NIST SP 800-53: Recommends monitoring and analyzing user activities to detect and respond to anomalous behavior.

ISO/IEC 27002: Provides guidelines on monitoring and review to detect unauthorized activities.

Implementing UBA helps organizations like Pilotron detect and respond to insider threats by analyzing user behavior and identifying anomalies.

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QUESTION: 31

Scenario 5: Pilotron is a large manufacturer known for its electric vehicles that use renewable energy. One of Its objectives Is 10 make the world a cleaner place by reducing the consumption of fossil fuels. In addition to electric vehicles, Pilotron also offers solar roof and advanced battery technology, all manufactured at its factory in Bastogne. Belgium. As one of the most Innovative manufacturers in Europe, Pilotron invests heavily in research and development to create unique components, such as motors, sensors, and batteries. In addillon, it places a strong emphasis on delivering high-quality products, and requires all employees to undergo an intensive onboarding program that includes hands-on training.

Pilotron did not prioritize the establishment of a cybersecurity program to protect its information. This became evident when a frustrated employee took advantage of the company's lack of cybersecurity measures. The employee was aware that Pilotron's existing security measures could easily be evaded The company became aware of the incident after five weeks, when a sudden surge in network data transfer raised suspicions upon investigation. Pilotron discovered that the employee had multiple requests for access to software development resources that were unrelated to their daily tasks By using a false user name and avoiding the implemented cybersecurity controls, the employee directly modified the code of one of Pilotron's products. This unauthorized code change enabled the employee to transfer highly sensitive data to external parties

Knowing that insider threats pose a significant risk and the existing security controls were ineffective. Pilotron decided to shift its cybersecurity focus toward proactive detection and prevention strategies. It implemented a security software that detects unusual access patterns, large data upload, and credential abuse Additionally, Pilotron recognized the need to help improve the security of Its systems by Isolating devices (PCs. servers) on the opposite sides of a firewall.

The company also implemented an identity management solution to ensure the verification of Individuals requesting access. It decided to implement a mechanism that ensured only authorized individuals can access sensitive systems and dat

In addition to the traditional username and password, employees were now required to provide a unique personal identifier, such as a fingerprint, as well as a one-time verification code generated through a mobile app
Moreover, in order to enhance security measures and gain the benefits of cloud computing, Pilotron decided to leverage cloud based services. A kiv factor in Pilotroo's decision was the capability to construct and oversee its personalized Infrastructure Instead of depending on pre-set platforms or software applications, the company could craft its virtualized environments. The significant level of customization is of utmost importance to Pilotron since it enables adjusting its infrastructure to align with the specific requirements of its projects and clients.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
What type of data threat was Pitotron subject to? Refer to scenario 5
Data breach
Data leak
Human error

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Pilotron was subject to a data breach, as the unauthorized employee accessed and transferred highly sensitive data to external parties. A data breach involves the unauthorized acquisition of confidential information, leading to its exposure.

Detailed
Data Breach:

Definition: The unauthorized access and retrieval of sensitive information by an individual or group.

Impact: Can result in the loss of confidential data, financial loss, and damage to reputation.

Scenario Details:

Incident: An employee modified code to transfer sensitive data outside the organization.

Detection: The breach was identified after noticing unusual data transfer activities.

Cybersecurity

Reference:

ISO/IEC 27001: Defines data breaches and the importance of implementing controls to prevent unauthorized access to information.

NIST SP 800-61: Provides guidelines for handling and responding to data breaches.

By recognizing and addressing the data breach, Pilotron can improve its cybersecurity measures and prevent future incidents.

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QUESTION: 32

Scenario 5: Pilotron is a large manufacturer known for its electric vehicles that use renewable energy. One of Its objectives Is 10 make the world a cleaner place by reducing the consumption of fossil fuels. In addition to electric vehicles, Pilotron also offers solar roof and advanced battery technology, all manufactured at its factory in Bastogne. Belgium. As one of the most Innovative manufacturers in Europe, Pilotron invests heavily in research and development to create unique components, such as motors, sensors, and batteries. In addillon, it places a strong emphasis on delivering high-quality products, and requires all employees to undergo an intensive onboarding program that includes hands-on training.

Pilotron did not prioritize the establishment of a cybersecurity program to protect its information. This became evident when a frustrated employee took advantage of the company's lack of cybersecurity measures. The employee was aware that Pilotron's existing security measures could easily be evaded The company became aware of the incident after five weeks, when a sudden surge in network data transfer raised suspicions upon investigation. Pilotron discovered that the employee had multiple requests for access to software development resources that were unrelated to their daily tasks By using a false user name and avoiding the implemented cybersecurity controls, the employee directly modified the code of one of Pilotron's products. This unauthorized code change enabled the employee to transfer highly sensitive data to external parties

Knowing that insider threats pose a significant risk and the existing security controls were ineffective. Pilotron decided to shift its cybersecurity focus toward proactive detection and prevention strategies. It implemented a security software that detects unusual access patterns, large data upload, and credential abuse Additionally, Pilotron recognized the need to help improve the security of Its systems by Isolating devices (PCs. servers) on the opposite sides of a firewall.

The company also implemented an identity management solution to ensure the verification of Individuals requesting access. It decided to implement a mechanism that ensured only authorized individuals can access sensitive systems and dat

In addition to the traditional username and password, employees were now required to provide a unique personal identifier, such as a fingerprint, as well as a one-time verification code generated through a mobile app
Moreover, in order to enhance security measures and gain the benefits of cloud computing, Pilotron decided to leverage cloud based services. A kiv factor in Pilotroo's decision was the capability to construct and oversee its personalized Infrastructure Instead of depending on pre-set platforms or software applications, the company could craft its virtualized environments. The significant level of customization is of utmost importance to Pilotron since it enables adjusting its infrastructure to align with the specific requirements of its projects and clients.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
Based on scenario 5. what did Pilotron achieve by Isolating devices on the opposite sides of a firewall?
Enhanced data storage efficiency
Full mesh network
Demilitarized zone

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

By isolating devices on the opposite sides of a firewall, Pilotron created a Demilitarized Zone (DMZ). A DMZ is a physical or logical subnet that separates an internal local area network (LAN) from other untrusted networks, usually the Internet. External-facing servers, resources, and services are placed in the DMZ to add an extra layer of security. By doing so, Pilotron achieved an environment where public access to certain resources is possible while protecting the internal network from unauthorized access.

Reference:

ISO/IEC 27033-1:2015 - Guidelines for network security, including the creation and management of DMZs for securing networks.

NIST SP 800-41 - Guidelines on Firewalls and Firewall Policy, which describe the use of DMZs in network architecture to enhance security.

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QUESTION: 32

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