QUESTION: 57

A company has a monolithic application that is critical to the company’s business. The company hosts the application on an Amazon EC2 instance that runs Amazon Linux 2. The company’s application team receives a directive from the legal department to back up the data from the instance’s encrypted Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume to an Amazon S3 bucket. The application team does not have the administrative SSH key pair for the instance. The application must continue to serve the users.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Attach a role to the instance with permission to write to Amazon S3. Use the AWS Systems Manager Session Manager option to gain access to the instance and run commands to copy data into Amazon S3.
Create an image of the instance with the reboot option turned on. Launch a new EC2 instance from the image. Attach a role to the new instance with permission to write to Amazon S3. Run a command to copy data into Amazon S3.
Take a snapshot of the EBS volume by using Amazon Data Lifecycle Manager (Amazon DLM). Copy the data to Amazon S3.
Create an image of the instance. Launch a new EC2 instance from the image. Attach a role to the new instance with permission to write to Amazon S3. Run a command to copy data into Amazon S3.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

A) Attach a role to the instance with permission to write to Amazon S3. Use the AWS Systems Manager Session Manager option to gain access to the instance and run commands to copy data into Amazon S3 is the correct answer.

This solution allows you to securely access the EC2 instance without needing the SSH key pair by using AWS Systems Manager Session Manager. Once access is gained through Session Manager, the necessary commands can be executed to copy data from the EBS volume to the Amazon S3 bucket. Attaching an IAM role with S3 write permissions to the instance ensures that the instance has the necessary permissions to upload the data to S3.

This approach does not interrupt the running application, ensuring that the application continues to serve users while meeting the backup requirement from the legal department.

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QUESTION: 58

A solutions architect needs to copy data from an Amazon S3 bucket m an AWS account to a new S3 bucket in a new AWS account. The solutions architect must implement a solution that uses the AWS CLI. Which combination of steps will successfully copy the data? (Choose three.)

Create a bucket policy to allow the source bucket to list its contents and to put objects and set object ACLs in the destination bucket. Attach the bucket policy to the destination bucket.
Create a bucket policy to allow a user in the destination account to list the source bucket’s contents and read the source bucket’s objects. Attach the bucket policy to the source bucket.
Create an IAM policy in the source account. Configure the policy to allow a user in the source account to list contents and get objects in the source bucket, and to list contents, put objects, and set object ACLs in the destination bucket. Attach the policy to the user.
Create an IAM policy in the destination account. Configure the policy to allow a user in the destination account to list contents and get objects in the source bucket, and to list contents, put objects, and set objectACLs in the destination bucket. Attach the policy to the user.
Run the aws s3 sync command as a user in the source account. Specify the source and destination buckets to copy the data.
Run the aws s3 sync command as a user in the destination account. Specify the source and destination buckets to copy the data.

Answer(s): B,D,F

Explanation:

The correct answers are:

B) Create a bucket policy to allow a user in the destination account to list the source bucket’s contents and read the source bucket’s objects. Attach the bucket policy to the source bucket.
This step ensures that the destination account has the necessary permissions to access and read the objects from the source bucket.

D) Create an IAM policy in the destination account. Configure the policy to allow a user in the destination account to list contents and get objects in the source bucket, and to list contents, put objects, and set object ACLs in the destination bucket. Attach the policy to the user.
This step grants the user in the destination account permissions to interact with both the source and destination buckets.

F) Run the aws s3 sync command as a user in the destination account. Specify the source and destination buckets to copy the data.
Running the aws s3 sync command from the destination account allows the user to copy the data from the source S3 bucket to the new S3 bucket, ensuring that the permissions set in the previous steps are applied correctly.

This combination of actions ensures that the data is copied from the source bucket in one AWS account to the destination bucket in another AWS account using the AWS CLI, with the appropriate permissions for accessing and managing the data across accounts.

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QUESTION: 59

A company built an application based on AWS Lambda deployed in an AWS CloudFormation stack. The last production release of the web application introduced an issue that resulted in an outage lasting several minutes. A solutions architect must adjust the deployment process to support a canary release.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Create an alias for every new deployed version of the Lambda function. Use the AWS CLI update-alias command with the routing-config parameter to distribute the load.
Deploy the application into a new CloudFormation stack. Use an Amazon Route 53 weighted routing policy to distribute the load.
Create a version for every new deployed Lambda function. Use the AWS CLI update-function-configuration command with the routing-config parameter to distribute the load.
Configure AWS CodeDeploy and use CodeDeployDefault.OneAtATime in the Deployment configuration to distribute the load.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

A) Create an alias for every new deployed version of the Lambda function. Use the AWS CLI update-alias command with the routing-config parameter to distribute the load is the correct answer.

This approach allows you to implement a canary release using AWS Lambda's versioning and aliases. By creating an alias for the new version and using the update-alias command with the routing-config parameter, you can gradually shift traffic to the new version of the Lambda function. This allows you to test the new version with a small percentage of users before fully rolling it out, which is a key aspect of canary releases.

This method ensures that you can detect and mitigate any issues with new Lambda function versions before they affect all users, minimizing the risk of outages or issues during deployment.

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QUESTION: 60

A finance company hosts a data lake in Amazon S3. The company receives financial data records over SFTP each night from several third parties. The company runs its own SFTP server on an Amazon EC2 instance in a public subnet of a VPC. After the files are uploaded, they are moved to the data lake by a cron job that runs on the same instance. The SFTP server is reachable on DNS sftp.example.com through the use of Amazon Route 53.

What should a solutions architect do to improve the reliability and scalability of the SFTP solution?

Move the EC2 instance into an Auto Scaling group. Place the EC2 instance behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Update the DNS record sftp.example.com in Route 53 to point to the ALB.
Migrate the SFTP server to AWS Transfer for SFTP. Update the DNS record sftp.example.com in Route 53 to point to the server endpoint hostname.
Migrate the SFTP server to a file gateway in AWS Storage Gateway. Update the DNS record sftp.example.com in Route 53 to point to the file gateway endpoint.
Place the EC2 instance behind a Network Load Balancer (NLB). Update the DNS record sftp.example.com in Route 53 to point to the NLB.

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

B) Migrate the SFTP server to AWS Transfer for SFTP. Update the DNS record sftp.example.com in Route 53 to point to the server endpoint hostname is the correct answer.

AWS Transfer for SFTP is a fully managed service that scales automatically and is highly reliable compared to managing an SFTP server on an EC2 instance. This migration would offload the operational burden of managing the SFTP server while providing enhanced scalability, availability, and built-in integration with Amazon S3 for direct data transfer to the data lake. By updating the DNS record in Route 53 to point to the AWS Transfer SFTP endpoint, the company ensures a smooth transition without requiring changes from the third parties uploading the data.

This solution improves both reliability and scalability without the need for manual instance management or custom scaling configurations.

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