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Addiction is often described as a behavioral syndrome where drug usage dominates the individual's motivation. Normal constraints on a person's behavior lead to a self-perceived "loss of control." One defining characteristic of addiction is:

  1. The ability to stop when confronted by legal consequences
  2. Identification with other individuals with the same symptoms
  3. Consumption of the substance in greater amounts and for longer periods than intended
  4. Behavioral disruption due to the effects of the substance

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

A major symptom of addiction is consuming greater quantities over a period of time to get the same effects. It can also be the inability to cut down on use despite the negative consequences of such use, as well as physical effects such as blackouts and memory loss.



Motor development flows along several basic principles, each one influenced by many areas. Ethnicity, birth size, nutrition, genetics and social class all play a role. This process depends on familial patterns and environmental factors. How is motor development defined?

  1. Process by which a child learns movement
  2. Stages of development
  3. Fine motor skills
  4. Process by which a child manipulates movement

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Motor development is a process that includes fine and gross skills. Fine motor skills include picking up small objects or coloring, while gross motor skills involve walking, running and climbing. Increased stimulation does not necessarily enhance the development.



There are many milestones to achieve in child development from birth to the age of five. Many studies specify time frames of normal development. Children may achieve these milestones earlier or later, but still remain within a normal range of development. At what age does a child become self -sufficient in many routines?

  1. 2 to 3 years
  2. 3 to 4 years
  3. 4 to 5 years
  4. 1 ½ to 2 years

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

Children at 3 to 4 years of age become quite comfortable with their self-sufficiency. They have the motor ability to jump and stand on one leg. At this stage, youngsters develop cooperative play with others and begin imitating their parents.



The study of how children's minds work has been quite influential within the educational theory. One such theorist proposed that thinking does not develop at the same level in a smooth manner. There are times when thinking transitions into new areas and capabilities. This overall vision was brought to life by what famous biologist?

  1. Erik Erikson
  2. Sigmund Freud
  3. Albert Bandura
  4. Jean Piaget

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

Jean Piaget completed his studies by observing, talking and listening to children. His particular interest was in maturation skills and the capacity for individuals to understand their surrounding world. He identified transitions taking place at different ages from birth up.






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