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F3 Financial Strategy Questions 129–136 (page: 18)

Updated On: 5-Aug-2026

A listed company in a high growth industry, where innovation is a key driver of success has always operated a residual dividend policy, resulting in volatility in dividends due to periodic significant investments in research and development.
The company has recently come under pressure from some investors to change its dividend policy so that shareholders receive a consistent growing dividend. In addition, they suggested that the company should use more debt finance.   If the suggested change is made to the financial policies, which THREE of the following statements are true?

  1. It may give a signal to the market that the company is entering a period of stable growth. 
  2. There may be a change to the shareholder profile due to 'the clientele effect'. 
  3. The directors will not have to take shareholder dividend preferences into consideration in future. 
  4. Retained earnings have a lower cost than debt finance.
  5. The company's financial risk will increase due to its increased use of debt finance.

Answer(s): A,B,E



The Board of Directors of a small listed company engaged in exploration are currently considering the future dividend policy of the company. Exploration is considered a high-risk business and consequently the company has a low level of debt finance.
Forecasts indicate a period of profit fluctuation in the next few years as the company is planning to embark on a major capital investment project. Debt finance is unlikely to be available due to the project's high business risk.
Which THREE of the following are practical considerations when determining the company's dividend/retention policy? 

  1. The timing and size of the cash flow requirements for the new investment.
  2. The fluctuating nature of the projected future profits.
  3. The legislation and regulation governing distributable profits.
  4. The dividend policies of mature listed multinational companies in the exploration industry. 
  5. The general level of interest rates and the tax savings on interest costs relating to debt finance.

Answer(s): A,B,C

Explanation:

Discursive_F0



A company based in Country D, whose currency is the D$, has an objective of maintaining an operating profit margin of at least 10% each year. 
Relevant data:   
* The company makes sales to Country E whose currency is the E$. It also makes sales to Country F whose currency is the F$.    
* All purchases are from Country G whose currency is the G$.   
* The settlement of all transactions is in the currency of the customer or supplier.
Which of the following changes would be most likely to help the company achieve its objective?

  1. The D$ strengthens against the E$ over time. 
  2. The F$ weakens against the D$ over time.
  3. The D$ strengthens against the G$ over time.
  4. The D$ weakens against the G$ over time.

Answer(s): C



The International Integrated Reporting Council (IIRC) was formed in August 2010 and brings together a cross-section of representatives from a wide variety of business sectors.
The primary purpose of the IIRC's framework is to help enable an organsation to communicate how it:

  1. minimises the environmental impact of its business processes.
  2. creates value in the short, medium and long term.
  3. contributes positively to the economic well being of the environment in which it operates.  
  4. ensures that the conflicting needs of different stakeholder groups are met in an optimal manner.

Answer(s): B



A company has in a 5% corporate bond in issue on which there are two loan covenants.   
* Interest cover must not fall below 3 times   
* Retained earnings for the year must not fall below $3.5 million The Company has 200 million shares in issue. The most recent dividend per share was $0.04. The Company intends increasing dividends by 10% next year.
Financial projections for next year are as follows:
Advise the Board of Directors which of the following will be the status of compliance with the loan covenants next year?

  1. The company will be in compliance with both covenants.
  2. The company will be in breach of both covenants.
  3. The company will breach the covenant in respect of retained earnings only.
  4. The company will be in breach of the covenant in respect of interest cover only.

Answer(s): C



A company's Board of Directors is assessing the likely impact of financing future new projects using either equity or debt. The directors are uncertain of the effects on key variables.
Which THREE of the following statements are true?

  1. The choice between using either equity or debt will have no impact on the amount of corporate income tax payable.
  2. Retained earnings has no cost, and is therefore the cheapest form of equity finance.
  3. Debt finance is always preferable to equity finance.
  4. Debt finance will increase the cost of equity.
  5. Equity finance will reduce the overall financial risk.
  6. Equity finance will increase pressure to pay a higher total future dividend.

Answer(s): D,E,F



A company is currently all-equity financed. The directors are planning to raise long term debt to finance a new project. The debt:equity ratio after the bond issue would be 30:60 based on estimated market values.
According to Modigliani and Miller's Theory of Capital Structure without tax, the company's cost of equity would:

  1. stay the same.
  2. decrease.
  3. increase.
  4. increase or decrease depending on the bond's coupon rate.

Answer(s): C



A large, listed company in the food and household goods industry needs to raise $50 million for a period of up to 6 months. It has an excellent credit rating and there is almost no risk of the company defaulting on the borrowings. The company already has a commercial paper programme in place and has a good relationship with its bank.
Which of the following is likely to be the most cost effective method of borrowing the money?

  1. Bank overdraft
  2. 6 month term loan
  3. Treasury Bills
  4. Commercial paper

Answer(s): D



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