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Achieving Competitive Advantage Through the Supply Chain Questions 36–40 (page: 9)

Updated On: 10-Feb-2026

Within the supply chain, which of the following is not considered a `flow'?

  1. Materials flow
  2. Information flow
  3. Financial flow
  4. Decision flow

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

Supply chains are characterised by three primary flows ­ materials, information, and finance.
"Decision flow" is not a recognised category.

Short cited term: "three main flows: material, information, finance." (L5M7 Study Guide, p. 155)


Reference:

CIPS L5M7 Study Guide, p. 155.



Six Sigma is only suitable for the manufacturing industry. Is this correct?

  1. Yes ­ it reduces defects in the supply chain
  2. Yes ­ it's an excellent way to reduce costs
  3. No ­ it can be used across all industries and delivers bottom-line savings
  4. No ­ it's not suitable for manufacturing

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

Six Sigma applies universally to manufacturing, services, and administrative processes, improving quality and efficiency.

Short cited term: "applicable across all sectors to improve process performance." (L5M7 Study Guide, p. 154)


Reference:

CIPS L5M7 Study Guide, p. 154.



In Six Sigma, a Black Belt is the highest level that can be achieved. Is this correct?

  1. Yes ­ a Black Belt implements Six Sigma full-time
  2. Yes ­ a Black Belt trains project teams
  3. No ­ there are higher levels such as Master Black Belt and Champion
  4. No ­ Green Belt is the highest

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

The hierarchy extends beyond Black Belt, including Master Black Belts and Champions, who provide leadership and strategic direction.

Short cited term: "Master Black Belt and Champion above Black Belt." (L5M7 Study Guide, p. 153)


Reference:

CIPS L5M7 Study Guide, p. 153.



Normal distribution forms what shape on a graph?

  1. Horizontal line
  2. Vertical line
  3. Bell curve
  4. Circle

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

A Normal Distribution forms a symmetrical bell-shaped curve, representing probability distribution around a mean.

Short cited term: "normal distribution = bell-shaped curve." (L5M7 Study Guide, p. 150)


Reference:

CIPS L5M7 Study Guide, p. 150.



When analysing a series of data, the number which occurs most frequently is known as what?

  1. Median
  2. Mode
  3. Mean
  4. Average

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

The Mode is the value that appears most often in a dataset, distinguishing it from the mean (average) and median (middle value).

Short cited term: "mode = most frequent value." (L5M7 Study Guide, p. 149)


Reference:

CIPS L5M7 Study Guide, p. 149.



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