Which component of the IT Security Model is the highest priority in ICS/SCADA Security?
Answer(s): C
In ICS/SCADA systems, the highest priority typically is Availability, due to the critical nature of the services and infrastructures they support. These systems often control vital processes in industries like energy, water treatment, and manufacturing. Any downtime can lead to significant disruptions, safety hazards, or economic losses. Thus, ensuring that systems are operational and accessible is a primary security focus in the context of ICS/SCADA security.
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), "Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security".
Which of the following is the name of hacking for a cause?
Hacktivism refers to the act of hacking, or breaking into computer systems, for a politically or socially motivated purpose. Hacktivists use their skills to promote a cause, influence public opinion, or bring attention to social injustices. The term combines "hacking" and "activism," representing a form of activism that takes place within cyberspace.
Dorothy E. Denning, "Activism, Hacktivism, and Cyberterrorism: The Internet as a Tool for Influencing Foreign Policy".
What form of attack uses a vector that infects a software package?
Answer(s): D
A "watering hole" attack is a security exploit in which the attacker seeks to compromise a specific group of end users by infecting websites that members of the group are known to visit.The goal is to infect a website that members of a targeted community frequently use with malware. Once a user visits the compromised website, malware can be delivered to the user's system, exploiting vulnerabilities on their device.This attack vector is used in scenarios where attackers want to breach secure environments indirectly by targeting less secure points in a network's ecosystem, such as third-party software used within the organization.Reference"Watering Hole Attacks: Detect, Disrupt, and Prevent," by Kaspersky Lab. "Emerging Threats in Cybersecurity: Understanding Watering Hole Attacks," published in the Journal of Network Security.
Which of the ICS/SCADA generations is considered networked?
Answer(s): B
Industrial Control Systems (ICS) have evolved through several generations, each characterized by different technological capabilities and integration levels. The third generation of ICS/SCADA systems is considered networked. This generation incorporates more advanced digital and networking technologies, allowing for broader connectivity and communication across different systems and components within industrial environments. Third-generation SCADA systems are often characterized by their use of standard communication protocols and networked solutions, improving interoperability and control but also increasing the attack surface for potential cyber threats.Reference"Evolution of Industrial Control Systems and Cybersecurity Implications," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications."Network Security for Industrial Control Systems," by Department of Homeland Security.
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