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Examination 2: Governmental Accounting, Financial Reporting and Budgeting Questions 41–45 (page: 10)

Updated On: 10-Feb-2026

In an ACFR. the Independent Auditor's Report should be included in the

  1. financial section before the MD&
  2. financial section before the basic financial statements.
  3. introductory section after the Letter of Transmittal.
  4. statistical section before the Information on Debt Capacity.

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

In an Annual Comprehensive Financial Report (ACFR), the Independent Auditor's Report is part of the Financial Section. It is placed immediately before the basic financial statements and after the Management's Discussion and Analysis (MD&A), not before it.

The proper sequence within the Financial Section of the ACFR is:

Independent Auditor's Report

Management's Discussion and Analysis (MD&A)

Basic Financial Statements

Required Supplementary Information (RSI)

Other Supplementary Information (as applicable)

Relevant


Reference:

GASB Statement No. 34 ­ Basic Financial Statements and MD&A

GFOA's Governmental Accounting, Auditing, and Financial Reporting (GAAFR)

GFOA Checklist for ACFR Preparation

Answer : B. financial section before the basic financial statements



Congress plans to set up an activity within an agency that would:

· provide procurement services to other agencies;

· reimburse fees to the providing agency at a level that would cover the total estimated costs of the services.

The fees would be deposited in the providing agency's accounts and would remain available until expended, to carry out the purposes of the fund. This arrangement describes a

  1. revolving fund.
  2. special fund.
  3. trust fund.
  4. general fund.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

A revolving fund is a fund established to finance a continuing cycle of operations where the receipts (e.g., fees or reimbursements) are used to finance future operations. These funds are usually self- sustaining and are designed to recover full costs of providing goods or services.

The described situation -- an agency providing procurement services to other agencies and using collected fees to continue operations -- is a classic example of an intragovernmental revolving fund (also called a working capital fund).

Relevant


Reference:

OMB Circular A-11, Section 20 ­ Fund Classifications

GAO Glossary of Terms ­ Revolving Fund

FASAB SFFAS No. 7 ­ Revenue and Other Financing Sources

Answer : A. revolving fund



An idle facility cost is an allowable expense to charge to federal grants when a

  1. fluctuation in workload is reasonably expected.
  2. facility will sit idle for over one year.
  3. facility cannot be used while it is being repaired.
  4. facility is not currently needed by the agency.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Comprehensive Detailed

Under 2 CFR § 200.446 of the OMB Uniform Guidance, idle facilities (or idle capacity) costs are generally unallowable. However, exceptions exist. One allowable condition is when the idleness results from fluctuations in workload that are considered normal for the type of operation.

Other allowable cases include those due to reorganization, restraint, or repair/maintenance needs -- but only within reasonable limits and duration.

Relevant


Reference:

2 CFR § 200.446 ­ Idle Facilities and Idle Capacity

OMB Uniform Guidance (2 CFR Part 200) ­ Cost Principles

GAO Red Book ­ Allowable Grant Expenditures

Answer : A. fluctuation in workload is reasonably expected



The Federal Financial Management Improvement Act of 1996 formally recognized which of the following organizations as the standard-setting body for federal accounting and reporting standards?

  1. OMB
  2. FASB
  3. GAO
  4. FASAB

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

The Federal Financial Management Improvement Act (FFMIA) of 1996 established the requirement for federal agencies to implement and maintain financial systems that comply with federal accounting standards. It formally recognized the Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board (FASAB) as the source of GAAP for federal agencies.

FASAB's standards are authoritative for federal entities, much like GASB for state and local governments and FASB for private-sector entities.

Relevant


Reference:

Federal Financial Management Improvement Act of 1996 (Public Law 104­208, Title VIII)

FASAB Handbook ­ Introduction & Authority

GAO Federal Accounting Standards Overview

Answer : D. FASAB



A federal agency should recognize an accounts receivable when

  1. claims to cash against other entities are established.
  2. agreements to provide services are received.
  3. taxes are expected to be received at a future date.
  4. orders are accepted for goods that are to be provided.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Comprehensive Detailed

According to FASAB Statement of Federal Financial Accounting Standards (SFFAS) No. 1, an accounts receivable should be recognized when a legal claim to cash exists -- that is, when the federal agency has provided goods or services or an enforceable claim to payment has arisen.

This typically occurs after performance has occurred, not merely when an agreement or order is received.

Relevant


Reference:

FASAB SFFAS No. 1 ­ Accounting for Selected Assets and Liabilities

Treasury Financial Manual (TFM) ­ Receivables Accounting

OMB Circular A-136 ­ Financial Reporting Requirements

Answer : A. claims to cash against other entities are established



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