GARP 2016-FRR Exam
Financial Risk and Regulation (FRR) Series (Page 3 )

Updated On: 7-Feb-2026

Which one of the following four metrics represents the difference between the expected loss and unexpected loss on a credit portfolio?

  1. Credit VaR
  2. Probability of default
  3. Loss given default
  4. Modified duration

Answer(s): A



In the United States, during the second quarter of 2009, transactions in foreign exchange derivative contracts comprised approximately what proportion of all types of derivative transactions between financial institutions?

  1. 2%
  2. 7%
  3. 25%
  4. 43%

Answer(s): B



Which one of the following four model types would assign an obligor to an obligor class based on the risk characteristics of the borrower at the time the loan was originated and estimate the default probability based on the past default rate of the members of that particular class?

  1. Dynamic models
  2. Causal models
  3. Historical frequency models
  4. Credit rating models

Answer(s): C



According to a Moody's study, the most important drivers of the loss given default historically have been all of the following EXCEPT:
I) Debt type and seniority
II) Macroeconomic environment
III) Obligor asset type
IV) Recourse

  1. I
  2. II
  3. I, II
  4. III, IV

Answer(s): D



To quantify the aggregate average loss for the credit portfolio and its possible constituent subportfolios, a credit portfolio manager should use the following metric:

  1. Credit VaR
  2. Expected loss
  3. Unexpected loss
  4. Factor sensitivity

Answer(s): B



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