QUESTION: 261

A newly discovered disease is thought to be caused by a certain bacterium. However, recently released data notes that the bacterium thrives in the presence of a certain virus, implying that it is actually the virus that causes the new disease.

Which of the following pieces of evidence would most support the data’s implication?

In the absence of the virus, the disease has been observed to follow infection by the bacterium.
The virus has been shown to aid the growth of bacterium, a process which often leads to the onset of the disease.
The virus alone has been observed in many cases of the disease.
In cases where the disease does not develop, infection by the bacterium is usually preceded by infection by the virus.
Onset of the disease usually follows infection by both the virus and the bacterium.

Answer(s): C

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QUESTION: 262

A sociologist recently studied two sets of teenagers. The members of one set spent 10 or more hours per week watching violent television programs, and the members of the other set spent 2 hours or less per week watching violent television programs. A significantly greater proportion of the teenagers in the former group exhibited aggressive behavior during the period of the study. The sociologists reasoned that the prolonged exposure to television violence caused the aggressive behavior.

Which of the following, if true, of the teenagers in the study, provides the strongest challenge to the sociologist’s conclusion?

Some teenagers who watched more than 10 hours of violent television programming per week behaved less aggressively than others in the same group of teenagers.
Some teenagers who watched 2 hours of violent television programming per week did not behave aggressively.
Some teenagers voluntarily stopped watching violent television programs after being victims of violence.
Some teenagers watched violent television programs alone, while others did so in groups.
Many of the teenagers in the first group exhibited aggressive behavior before the study began.

Answer(s): E

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QUESTION: 263

Because of a recent drought in Florida during the orange-growing season, the price of oranges this season will be three times the usual price. This will drive up the cost of producing orange juice and thus push up the price of orange juice for the consumer.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above?

The recent drought was not as severe as scientists predicted.
States other than Florida also supply oranges to orange juice manufacturers.
Other ingredients are used in the production of orange juice.
Last year the price of oranges was actually lower than the average price over the past ten years.
The price of oranges will eventually be $0.48 per crate.

Answer(s): B

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QUESTION: 264

Local phone companies have monopolies on phone service within their areas. Cable television can be transmitted via the wires that are already in place and owned by the phone companies. Cable television companies argue that if the telephone companies were to offer cable service, these telephone companies would have an unfair advantage, because their cable transmissions could be subsidized by the profits of their monopolies on phone service.

Which of the following, if true, would ease the cable companies’ fear of unfair competition?

In order to use existing telephone wire, telephone companies would need to modernize their operations, a process so expensive it would virtually wipe out all profit from their monopoly for the foreseeable future.
If a phone company were to offer cable service within a particular area, it would have a monopoly within that area.
The cost of television service, whether provided by cable or telephone companies, scales; that is, the total cost of transmission rises only marginally as more homes are added to the network.
Cable programming that offers more channels is already available through satellite dish, but the initial cost of the dish is extremely high.
Cable television will never be able to compete with the burgeoning video rental industry, especially as more homes now have video cassette recorders than ever did before.

Answer(s): A

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QUESTION: 264