After HSB is configured, the HSB channel fails to be established and cannot back up information on the active device to the standby device. What are the possible causes for this HSB function failure? (Choose all that apply.)
Answer(s): A,B,D
For HSB to function, a reliable TCP channel must be established between the active and standby devices. If the TCP channel is not established, no synchronization can occur, and the HSB function will fail.HSB service packets need to have consistent retransmission settings (count and interval) on both devices.If there is a mismatch, one device may not correctly receive or acknowledge synchronization packets, causing the HSB function to fail.For HSB to work properly, both devices must be configured to communicate with each other using the correct source and destination IP addresses and port numbers. If they are mismatched, the devices cannot communicate, and the synchronization process will fail.
Which of the following statements about WLAN roaming are false? (Choose all that apply.)
Answer(s): B,C
During roaming, a Reassociation Request frame is indeed sent, but it is sent from the STA to the target AP (foreign AP), not containing home AP information. It contains the information about the previous AP (the source AP), and the target AP uses this information to manage the reassociation. The home AP information is not explicitly included in the Reassociation Request.When roaming, the STA sends a Reassociation Request frame (not an Association Request) to the new AP (foreign AP). The Association Request frame is used when the STA initially associates with an AP or when it connects to a new AP for the first time. During roaming, the Reassociation Request is used to maintain the connection and should contain information about the previous AP, not about the home AP.
The native AC function allows an agile switch to integrate AC capabilities, achieving wired and wireless convergence. The agile switch centrally manages wired and wireless service traffic.
Answer(s): A
The native AC (Access Controller) function in an agile switch allows it to integrate wireless controller capabilities. This functionality helps achieve wired and wireless convergence, meaning the agile switch can manage both wired (Ethernet) and wireless (Wi-Fi) traffic from a centralized point.The agile switch can act as the centralized controller for wireless access points (APs), enabling the management of both wired and wireless traffic through a single device. This simplifies network management and enhances integration between different parts of the network.
On an OSPF network, an algorithm is used to prevent loops within an area, but loops may occur between areas. Therefore, OSPF defines a loop prevention mechanism for inter-area routes. Which of the following statements are true about the loop prevention mechanism? (Choose all that apply.)
An ABR (Area Border Router) cannot inject Type 3 LSAs (Summary LSAs) that describe routes to a network segment in an area back to the same area because it would create a routing loop.Inter-area routes need to be forwarded through area 0 (the backbone area) because OSPF requires that all non-backbone areas must connect to the backbone, ensuring loop-free routing.All non-backbone areas must be directly connected to area 0 to ensure proper OSPF operation and prevent loops between areas.
On an OSPF network, routers learn routing information on the entire network by exchanging LSAs. Which of the following values is the LS Age in the LSA header when an LSA is deleted?
The LS Age in the LSA header is set to 3600 seconds (1 hour) when an LSA is deleted. This value indicates that the LSA has reached its maximum age and should be removed from the OSPF network.
OSPF has various several areas, such as stub areas and NSSAs. Such areas can be configured to reduce the number of LSAs. Which of the following statements are true about a stub area? (Choose all that apply.)
Answer(s): A,C,D
Virtual links cannot traverse a stub area because stub areas are designed to limit routing information, and virtual links require a full OSPF route exchange.All routers in a stub area must be configured with stub attributes to ensure proper handling of reduced routing information.A stub area cannot receive AS external routes because stub areas are designed to prevent external route advertisements, limiting the routing table size.
On an IS-IS network, an AS can be divided into backbone and non-backbone areas. Which of the following types of IS-IS routers can exist in the backbone area?
Answer(s): C
Only Level-2 routers can exist in the backbone area of an IS-IS network. Level-2 routers are responsible for routing between areas and are used to connect the backbone (Level-2) area to other non-backbone areas.
On an IS-IS network, each router can generate LSPs. Which of the following events trigger the generation of a new LSP? (Choose all that apply.)
Related IS-IS interfaces going up or down trigger the generation of a new LSP because the network topology changes, and new information must be advertised.Periodic updates occur as part of the IS-IS protocol's regular operation to ensure up-to-date routing information.If the IS-IS interface cost is increased, it could affect the path selection, prompting the router to generate a new LSP to reflect the updated cost.
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