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Which of the following attributes must be carried when BGP sends route update messages?

  1. MED
  2. Next_Hop
  3. AS_Path
  4. Local_Preference

Answer(s): B,C

Explanation:

Mandatory BGP Attributes

Next_Hop: Specifies the next hop to reach the destination.

AS_Path: Lists the autonomous systems traversed, crucial for loop prevention and route selection.

Optional Attributes

MED (Multi-Exit Discriminator) and Local_Preference are optional attributes that aid in route preference but are not mandatory.

HCIP-Datacom-Core Reference

BGP attribute behavior and classifications are detailed in BGP path selection principles.



A non-client is an IBGP peer that functions as neither an RR nor a client. A non-client must establish fully meshed connections with the RR and all the other non-clients.

  1. TRUE
  2. FALSE

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Non-Client Definition in IBGP

In an IBGP setup with a Route Reflector (RR), a non-client is an IBGP peer that is neither the RR itself nor its client.

Non-clients must establish fully meshed IBGP connections with all other non-clients and the RR because IBGP rules prohibit route propagation between non-clients without a direct connection.

HCIP-Datacom-Core Reference

The behavior of non-clients in an RR topology is clearly outlined in the BGP implementation chapters.



In BGP, Keepalive messages are used to maintain BGP peer relationships. How often does a Huawei router send Keepalive messages by default?

  1. 30 seconds
  2. 45 seconds
  3. 60 seconds
  4. 90 seconds

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

BGP Keepalive messages are used to maintain an active BGP session between peers. When a BGP router receives a Keepalive message, it confirms that the peer is still reachable and maintains the session in the Established state. By default, a Huawei router sends Keepalive messages every 60 seconds to keep the connection active.



Which of the following statements is true about BGP?

  1. If the export routing policy applied to a BGP peer changes, manual intervention is required so that the device resends Update messages to the peer.
  2. IGP routes can be converted into BGP routes only through the network command.
  3. A router cannot be configured with multiple BGP processes.
  4. Open messages carry only the BGP header.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Export Routing Policy Changes

When an export routing policy is modified, BGP does not automatically resend affected routes. Manual intervention, such as a clear ip bgp command, is required to resend Update messages reflecting the new policy.

Incorrect Options

B . IGP routes can also be advertised into BGP using redistribution, not just the network command.

C . A router can be configured with multiple BGP processes using different AS numbers (multi- instance BGP).

D . Open messages carry additional parameters such as AS number, Hold Time, and Router ID, not just the header.

HCIP-Datacom-Core Reference

BGP policy and update behavior are detailed in the route control and redistribution chapters.






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