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Free ISACA CCOA Exam Questions (page: 5)

Page 5 of 36
PDF with 139 Questions

A small organization has identified a potential risk associated with its outdated backup system and has decided to implement a new cloud-based real-time backup system to reduce the likelihood of data loss.
Which of the following risk responses has the organization chosen?

  1. Risk mitigation
  2. Risk avoidance
  3. Risk transfer
  4. Risk acceptance

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

The organization is implementing a new cloud-based real-time backup system to reduce the likelihood of data loss, which is an example of risk mitigation because:

Reducing Risk Impact: By upgrading from an outdated system, the organization minimizes the potential consequences of data loss.

Implementing Controls: The new backup system is a proactive control measure designed to decrease the risk.

Enhancing Recovery Capabilities: Real-time backups ensure that data remains intact and recoverable even in case of a failure.

Other options analysis:

B . Risk avoidance: Involves eliminating the risk entirely, not just reducing it.

C . Risk transfer: Typically involves shifting the risk to a third party (like insurance), not implementing technical controls.

D . Risk acceptance: Involves acknowledging the risk without implementing changes.

CCOA Official Review Manual, 1st Edition


Reference:

Chapter 5: Risk Management: Clearly differentiates between mitigation, avoidance, transfer, and acceptance.

Chapter 7: Backup and Recovery Planning: Discusses modern data protection strategies and their risk implications.



Which of the following is the BEST way for an organization to balance cybersecurity risks and address compliance requirements?

  1. Accept that compliance requirements may conflict with business needs and operate in a diminished capacity to achieve compliance.
  2. Meet the minimum standards for the compliance requirements to ensure minimal impact to business operations,
  3. Evaluate compliance requirements in the context at business objectives to ensure requirements can be implemented appropriately.
  4. Implement only the compliance requirements that do not Impede business functions or affect cybersecurity risk.

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

Balancing cybersecurity risks with compliance requirements requires a strategic approach that aligns security practices with business goals. The best way to achieve this is to:

Contextual Evaluation: Assess compliance requirements in relation to the organization's operational needs and objectives.

Risk-Based Approach: Instead of blindly following standards, integrate them within the existing risk management framework.

Custom Implementation: Tailor compliance controls to ensure they do not hinder critical business functions while maintaining security.

Stakeholder Involvement: Engage business units to understand how compliance can be integrated smoothly.

Other options analysis:

A . Accept compliance conflicts: This is a defeatist approach and does not resolve the underlying issue.

B . Meet minimum standards: This might leave gaps in security and does not foster a comprehensive risk-based approach.

D . Implement only non-impeding requirements: Selectively implementing compliance controls can lead to critical vulnerabilities.

CCOA Official Review Manual, 1st Edition


Reference:

Chapter 2: Governance and Risk Management: Discusses aligning compliance with business objectives.

Chapter 5: Risk Management Strategies: Emphasizes a balanced approach to security and compliance.



Which of the following MOST effectively minimizes the impact of a control failure?

  1. Business continuity plan [BCP
  2. Business impact analysis (B1A)
  3. Defense in depth
  4. Information security policy

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

The most effective way to minimize the impact of a control failure is to employ Defense in Depth, which involves:

Layered Security Controls: Implementing multiple, overlapping security measures to protect assets.

Redundancy: If one control fails (e.g., a firewall), others (like IDS, endpoint protection, and network monitoring) continue to provide protection.

Minimizing Single Points of Failure: By diversifying security measures, no single failure will compromise the entire system.

Adaptive Security Posture: Layered defenses allow quick adjustments and contain threats.

Other options analysis:

A . Business continuity plan (BCP): Focuses on maintaining operations after an incident, not directly on minimizing control failures.

B . Business impact analysis (BIA): Identifies potential impacts but does not reduce failure impact directly.

D . Information security policy: Guides security practices but does not provide practical mitigation during a failure.

CCOA Official Review Manual, 1st Edition


Reference:

Chapter 7: Defense in Depth Strategies: Emphasizes the importance of layering controls to reduce failure impacts.

Chapter 9: Incident Response and Mitigation: Explains how defense in depth supports resilience.



Which of the following is the PRIMARY purpose for an organization to adopt a cybersecurity framework?

  1. To ensure compliance with specific regulations
  2. To automate cybersecurity processes and reduce the need for human intervention
  3. To provide a standardized approach to cybetsecurity risk management
  4. To guarantee protection against possible cyber threats

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

The primary purpose of adopting a cybersecurity framework is to establish a standardized approach to managing cybersecurity risks.

Consistency: Provides a structured methodology for identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks.

Best Practices: Incorporates industry standards and practices (e.g., NIST, ISO/IEC 27001) to guide security programs.

Holistic Risk Management: Helps organizations systematically address vulnerabilities and threats.

Compliance and Assurance: While compliance may be a secondary benefit, the primary goal is risk management and structured security.

Other options analysis:

A . To ensure compliance: While frameworks can aid compliance, their main purpose is risk management, not compliance itself.

B . To automate processes: Frameworks may encourage automation, but automation is not their core purpose.

D . To guarantee protection: No framework can guarantee complete protection; they reduce risk, not eliminate it.

CCOA Official Review Manual, 1st Edition


Reference:

Chapter 3: Cybersecurity Frameworks and Standards: Discusses the primary purpose of frameworks in risk management.

Chapter 10: Governance and Policy: Covers how frameworks standardize security processes.



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