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Certified Information Security Manager Questions 681–685 (page: 138)

Updated On: 10-Feb-2026

An information security manager uses security metrics to measure the:

  1. performance of the information security program.
  2. performance of the security baseline.
  3. effectiveness of the security risk analysis.
  4. effectiveness of the incident response team.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

The security metrics should be designed so that there is a relationship to the performance of the overall security program in terms of effectiveness measurement. Use of security metrics occurs after the risk assessment process and does not measure it. Measurement of the incident response team performance is included in the overall program performance, so this is an incomplete answer.



The MOST important success factor to design an effective IT security awareness program is to:

  1. customize the content to the target audience.
  2. ensure senior management is represented.
  3. ensure that all the staff is trained.
  4. avoid technical content but give concrete examples.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Awareness training can only be effective if it is customized to the expectations and needs of attendees. Needs will be quite different depending on the target audience and will vary between business managers, end users and IT staff; program content and the level of detail communicated will therefore be different. Other criteria are also important; however, the customization of content is the most important factor.



Which of the following practices completely prevents a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack between two hosts?

  1. Use security tokens for authentication
  2. Connect through an IPSec VPN
  3. Use https with a server-side certificate
  4. Enforce static media access control (MAC) addresses

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

IPSec effectively prevents man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks by including source and destination IPs within the encrypted portion of the packet. The protocol is resilient to MitM attacks. Using token-based authentication does not prevent a MitM attack; however, it may help eliminate reusability of stolen cleartext credentials. An https session can be intercepted through Domain Name Server (DNS) or Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) poisoning. ARP poisoning — a specific kind of MitM attack — may be prevented by setting static media access control (MAC) addresses. Nevertheless, DNS and NetBIOS resolution can still be attacked to deviate traffic.



Which of the following features is normally missing when using Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) in a web browser?

  1. Certificate-based authentication of web client
  2. Certificate-based authentication of web server
  3. Data confidentiality between client and web server
  4. Multiple encryption algorithms

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Web browsers have the capability of authenticating through client-based certificates; nevertheless, it is not commonly used. When using https, servers always authenticate with a certificate and, once the connection is established, confidentiality will be maintained between client and server. By default, web browsers and servers support multiple encryption algorithms and negotiate the best option upon connection.



The BEST protocol to ensure confidentiality of transmissions in a business-to-customer (B2C) financial web application is:

  1. Secure Sockets Layer (SSL).
  2. Secure Shell (SSH).
  3. IP Security (IPSec).
  4. Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (S/MIME ).

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) is a cryptographic protocol that provides secure communications providing end point authentication and communications privacy over the Internet. In typical use, all data transmitted between the customer and the business are, therefore, encrypted by the business's web server and remain confidential.

SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) is a network protocol that provides file transfer and manipulation functionality over any reliable data stream. It is typically used with the SSH-2 protocol to provide secure file transfer. IP Security (IPSec) is a standardized framework for securing Internet Protocol (IP) communications by encrypting and/or authenticating each IP packet in a data stream. There are two modes of IPSec operation: transport mode and tunnel mode. Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (S/MIME) is a standard for public key encryption and signing of e-mail encapsulated in MIME; it is not a web transaction protocol.



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