QUESTION: 29

A packet is received on an interface configured with transmission scheduling. One of the configured queues In this scenario, which two actions will be taken by default on a Junos device? (Choose two.)

The excess traffic will be discarded
The exceeding queue will be considered to have negative bandwidth credit.
The excess traffic will use bandwidth available from other queueses
The exceeding queue will be considered to have positive bandwidth credit

Answer(s): A,B

Explanation:

Transmission scheduling is a CoS feature that allows you to allocate bandwidth among different queues on an interface. Each queue has a configured bandwidth percentage that determines how much of the available bandwidth it can use. If a queue exceeds its allocated bandwidth, it is considered to have negative bandwidth credit and its excess traffic will be discarded by default. If a queue does not use all of its allocated bandwidth, it is considered to have positive bandwidth credit and its unused bandwidth can be shared by other queues.

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QUESTION: 30

In IS-IS, which two statements are correct about the designated intermediate system (DIS) on a multi-access network segment? (Choose two)

A router with a priority of 10 wins the DIS election over a router with a priority of 1.
A router with a priority of 1 wins the DIS election over a router with a priority of 10.
On the multi-access network, each router forms an adjacency to every other router on the segment
On the multi-access network, each router only forms an adjacency to the DIS.

Answer(s): A,D

Explanation:

In IS-IS, a designated intermediate system (DIS) is a router that is elected on a multi-access network segment (such as Ethernet) to perform some functions on behalf of other routers on the same segment. A DIS is responsible for sending network link-state advertisements (LSPs), which describe all the routers attached to the network. These LSPs are flooded throughout a single area. A DIS also generates pseudonode LSPs, which represent the multi-access network as a single node in the link- state database. A DIS election is based on the priority value configured on each router's interface connected to the multi-access network. The priority value ranges from 0 to 127, with higher values indicating higher priority. The router with the highest priority becomes the DIS for the area (Level 1, Level 2, or both). If routers have the same priority, then the router with the highest MAC address is elected as the DIS. By default, routers have a priority value of 64. On a multi-access network, each router only forms an adjacency to the DIS, not to every other router on the segment. This reduces the amount of hello packets and LSP

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QUESTION: 31

Exhibit

R4 is directly connected to both RPs (R2 and R3) R4 is currently sending all ,o,ns upstream to R3 but you want all joins to go to R2 instead Referring to the exhibit, which configuration change will solve this issue?

Change the bootstrap priority on R2 to be higher than R3
Change the default route in inet.2 on R4 from R3 as the next hop to R2
Change the local address on R2 to be higher than R3.
Change the group-range to be more specific on R2 than R3.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

PIM Bootstrap Router (BSR) is a mechanism that allows PIM routers to discover and announce rendezvous point (RP) information for multicast groups. BSR uses two roles: candidate BSR and candidate RP. Candidate BSR is the router that collects information from all available RPs in the network and advertises it throughout the network. Candidate RP is the router that wants to become the RP and registers itself with the BSR. There can be only one active BSR in the network, which is elected based on the highest priority or highest IP address if the priority is the same. The BSR priority can be configured manually or assigned automatically. The default priority is 0 and the highest priority is 2551. In this question, R4 is directly connected to both RPs (R2 and R3) and is currently sending all joins upstream to R3 but we want all joins to go to R2 instead. To achieve this, we need to change the BSR priority on R2 to be higher than R3 so that R2 becomes the active BSR and advertises its RP information to R4.

Reference:

https://study-ccnp.com/multicast-rendezvous-points-explained/

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QUESTION: 32

In which two ways does OSPF prevent routing loops in multi-area networks? (Choose two.)

All areas are required to connect as a full mesh.
The LFA algorithm prunes all looped paths within an area.
All areas are required to connect to area 0.
The SPF algorithm prunes looped paths within an area.

Answer(s): C,D

Explanation:

OSPF is an interior gateway protocol that uses link-state routing to exchange routing information among routers within a single autonomous system. OSPF prevents routing loops in multi-area networks by using two methods: area hierarchy and SPF algorithm. Area hierarchy is the concept of dividing a large OSPF network into smaller areas that are connected to a backbone area (area 0). This reduces the amount of routing information that each router has to store and process, and also limits the scope of link-state updates within each area. All areas are required to connect to area 0 either directly or through virtual links2. SPF algorithm is the method that OSPF uses to calculate the shortest path to each destination in the network based on link-state information. The SPF algorithm runs on each router and builds a shortest-path tree that represents the topology of the network from the router's perspective. The SPF algorithm prunes looped paths within an area by choosing only one best path for each destination.

Reference:

https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/ospf/topics/concept/ospf-area- overview.html
https://www.juniper.net/documentation/us/en/software/junos/ospf/topics/concept/ospf-spf- algorithm-overview.html

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