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Free LPI 102-500 Exam Questions (page: 14)

Page 6 of 31
PDF with 234 Questions

How is a display manager started?

  1. It is started by a user using the command startx.
  2. It is started like any other system service by the init system.
  3. It is started by inetd when a remote hosts connects to the X11 port.
  4. It is started automatically when a X11 user logs in to the system console.

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

A display manager is a program that provides a graphical login screen for users to access a graphical desktop environment. A display manager is usually started by the init system, which is the first process that runs when the system boots up. The init system is responsible for starting and stopping various system services, including the display manager. The init system can be configured to start a specific display manager by setting the default runlevel or target, or by editing the /etc/X11/default- display-manager file123.
The other options are not correct because:
A . It is started by a user using the command startx. This option is false because the startx command is used to start an X session without a display manager. The startx command launches an X server and runs the user's .xinitrc or .xsession file, which contains the commands to start the desired desktop environment or window manager. The startx command does not invoke a display manager or a graphical login screen .
C . It is started by inetd when a remote hosts connects to the X11 port. This option is false because inetd is a daemon that listens for incoming network connections and launches the appropriate service for each connection. Inetd does not start a display manager, but it can be used to enable remote access to an X session using the XDMCP protocol. XDMCP stands for X Display Manager Control Protocol, and it allows a remote host to request a graphical login screen from a display manager running on another host. However, this is not the same as starting a display manager, and it requires the display manager to be already running on the host that provides the XDMCP service . D . It is started automatically when a X11 user logs in to the system console. This option is false because a display manager is not started by a user login, but by the init system. A user login can trigger the start of an X session, but not a display manager. A display manager is independent of the user login, and it can run on multiple virtual consoles or display devices. A display manager can also allow multiple users to log in to different X sessions simultaneously123.


Reference:

1: LPI Linux Certification/Setup A Display Manager - Wikibooks
2: Working with Display Managers - LPIC-1 102 Linux certification - Linux ...
3: How to Change the Default Display Manager in Ubuntu 20.04 : startx - ArchWiki : How to start GUI from command line? - Ask Ubuntu : inetd - Wikipedia : XDMCP - ArchWiki



What is the default name of the configuration file for the Xorg X11 server? (Specify the file name only without any path.)

  1. xorg.conf

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

The default name of the configuration file for the Xorg X11 server is xorg.conf. This file is used to store initial setup for X, such as settings for video cards, monitors, input devices, and other options. The Xorg X11 server is a display server that uses a configuration file called xorg.conf and files ending in the suffix .conf for its initial setup1. The xorg.conf file is typically located in /etc/X11/xorg.conf, but its location may vary across operating system distributions2. The xorg.conf file is not mandatory, as the Xorg X11 server can automatically configure most hardware and settings. However, it can be created and edited manually if needed3.


Reference:

Xorg - ArchWiki xorg.conf - Wikipedia
How to Configure X11 in Linux: 10 Steps (with Pictures) - wikiHow



Which of the following commands shows the current color depth of the X Server?

  1. xcd
  2. xcdepth
  3. xwininfo
  4. xcolordepth
  5. cat /etc/X11

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

The command that can be used to show the current color depth of the X Server is xwininfo. xwininfo is a command-line tool that provides information about X windows.
When executed, it opens a small window and waits for the user to select a window by clicking on it. Then, it displays various characteristics about the window in question, such as its geometry, position, size, depth, class, name, id, and more. The depth value indicates the number of bits per pixel used to represent the colors of the window. xwininfo is part of the X Window System, which is a graphical user interface system for Unix-like operating systems. xwininfo can be useful for debugging, testing, or scripting purposes. The other options are incorrect because they are either invalid commands or do not show the color depth of the X Server:
xcd is not a valid command in Linux. It may be confused with cd, which is used to change the current working directory.
xcdepth is not a valid command in Linux. It may be confused with xrandr, which is used to change the screen resolution and orientation.
xcolordepth is not a valid command in Linux. It may be confused with xcalib, which is used to load, alter, and query the color profile of the X display.
cat /etc/X11 is not a command, but a directory. cat is used to concatenate files and print them to the standard output. /etc/X11 is a directory that contains configuration files for the X Window System. However, these files do not necessarily show the current color depth of the X Server, as it may be overridden by other settings or options.


Reference:

https://bing.com/search?q=command+to+show+color+depth+of+X+Server https://x.org/releases/X11R7.5/doc/man/man5/xorg.conf.5.html



For accessibility assistance, which of the following programs is an on-screen keyboard?

  1. xkb
  2. atkb
  3. GOK
  4. xOSK

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

GOK stands for GNOME On-screen Keyboard, and it is a program that provides a virtual keyboard for users who have difficulty using a physical keyboard. GOK is designed to be accessible and customizable, and it supports different keyboard layouts, input methods, and modes. GOK can also generate mouse and gesture events, and it can be controlled by various input devices, such as switches, joysticks, or head trackers. GOK is part of the GNOME desktop environment, and it can be enabled from the Universal Access settings panel123.
The other options are not correct because:
A . xkb is not a program, but a component of the X Window System that handles keyboard configuration and mapping. XKB stands for X Keyboard Extension, and it allows users to define the behavior and appearance of their keyboards, such as the layout, the modifiers, the symbols, and the actions. XKB does not provide an on-screen keyboard, but it can be used by other programs that do45.
B . atkb is not a valid name for any known program or component related to on-screen keyboards. There is no such program or component in the LPI Linux certification program or in the common Linux distributions. The closest match is ATK, which stands for Accessibility Toolkit, and it is a library that provides a set of interfaces for accessibility support in GNOME applications. ATK does not provide an on-screen keyboard, but it can be used by GOK and other programs that do6 . D . xOSK is a program that provides an on-screen keyboard, but it is not the one that is mentioned in the LPI Linux certification program or in the common Linux distributions. xOSK stands for X On-Screen Keyboard, and it is a simple and lightweight virtual keyboard that can be used with any X11 application. xOSK is not part of any desktop environment, and it has to be installed and launched manually. xOSK is not as accessible and customizable as GOK, and it does not support different input methods or modes .


Reference:

1: GOK - GNOME Wiki!
2: How to Set Up a Virtual On-Screen Keyboard in Linux
3: Working With On-Screen Keyboards - Oracle Help Center
4: X keyboard extension - Wikipedia
5: XKB Configuration Guide
6: Accessibility Toolkit - GNOME Developer : Accessibility - ArchWiki : xosk - X On-Screen Keyboard : How to use on-screen virtual keyboard on Linux - Xmodulo



What is the name of the simple graphical login manager that comes with a vanilla X11 installation? (Specify ONLY the command without any path or parameters.)

  1. xdm

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

The name of the simple graphical login manager that comes with a vanilla X11 installation is xdm. XDM is the traditional graphical login manager for the X Window System, independent of any window manager or environment the user might choose.
When it is run at system startup, it displays a graphical login prompt rather than the text-based login prompt at the console1. XDM is part of the xorg-x11-apps package, which provides the basic applications for the X Window System2. XDM is also one of the topics covered by the LPI Linux Professional - Exam 102 Objectives - Topic 111: Graphical Desktops3.


Reference:

xorg-x11-apps - Linux Man Pages (1) - SysTutorials
LPI Linux Professional - Exam 102 Objectives - Topic 111: Graphical Desktops GitHub - iwamatsu/slim: SLiM (Simple Login Manager) is a graphical login manager for X11 slim-fork download | SourceForge.net
Using the XDM Graphical Login Manager | FreeBSD 6 Unleashed - Flylib Xorg - ArchWiki
How to remotely log in with full graphical desktop over X11 - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange



Which of the following are tasks handled by a display manager like XDM or KDM? (Choose TWO correct answers.)

  1. Start and prepare the desktop environment for the user.
  2. Configure additional devices like new monitors or projectors when they are attached.
  3. Handle the login of a user.
  4. Lock the screen when the user was inactive for a configurable amount of time.
  5. Create an X11 configuration file for the current graphic devices and monitors.

Answer(s): A,C

Explanation:

The tasks that are handled by a display manager like XDM or KDM are to start and prepare the desktop environment for the user and to handle the login of a user. A display manager is a software component that manages the graphical user interface of an operating system. It provides a login screen where the user can enter their credentials and choose their preferred desktop environment or window manager. After the user is authenticated, the display manager launches the selected desktop environment or window manager and sets up the graphical session. The display manager also handles the logout, shutdown, and reboot of the system. The other options are incorrect because they are not tasks handled by a display manager:
B . Configure additional devices like new monitors or projectors when they are attached. This task is handled by the X server, which is the core component of the X Window System. The X server is responsible for communicating with the hardware devices, such as the keyboard, mouse, monitor, and graphics card. The X server can detect and configure new devices dynamically using tools like xrandr or xorg.conf.
D . Lock the screen when the user was inactive for a configurable amount of time. This task is handled by the screensaver program, which is a utility that runs in the background and activates when the user is idle for a certain period of time. The screensaver can display various animations or images on the screen, or it can blank the screen entirely. The screensaver can also lock the screen and require the user to enter their password to resume the session. The screensaver can be configured by the user using tools like xscreensaver or gnome-screensaver. E . Create an X11 configuration file for the current graphic devices and monitors. This task is handled by the X server, which is the core component of the X Window System. The X server can create an X11 configuration file, which is a text file that contains the settings for the X server and the devices it communicates with. The X11 configuration file is usually located at /etc/X11/xorg.conf or /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/. The X server can generate a default configuration file using the command Xorg -configure, or it can be edited manually by the user or the system administrator. Reference https://www.baeldung.com/linux/display-managers-explained https://quizlet.com/185979426/lx0-104-flash-cards/



X is running okay but you're concerned that you may not have the right color depth set.
What single command will show you the running color depth while in X?

  1. xcd
  2. xcdepth
  3. xwininfo
  4. xcolordepth
  5. cat /etc/X11

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

The xwininfo command is a utility for displaying information about windows on an X server. One of the information it displays is the depth of the window, which is the number of bits per pixel used to represent the color of the window. The depth of the root window, which is the background window of the X server, is the same as the color depth of the X server. To display the depth of the root window, one can use the command xwininfo -root and look for the line that says "depth of root window". Alternatively, one can use the command xdpyinfo, which displays information about the X server, and look for the line that says "depths of root window".


Reference:

xwininfo(1) - Linux man page xdpyinfo(1) - Linux man page
[LPI Linux Certification/Configure the X Window System, Xorg and ...]



Your senior administrator asked you to change the default background of his machine, which uses XDM.
Which file would you edit to achieve this?

  1. /etc/X11/xdm/Xsetup
  2. /etc/X11/xdm.conf
  3. /etc/X11/xdm/Defaults
  4. /etc/X11/defaults.conf

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

The file /etc/X11/xdm/Xsetup contains commands that are executed by XDM before displaying the login screen. This file can be used to set the background image, color, or run other programs on the X display. The other files are either not related to XDM or do not exist by default.


Reference:

XDM - ArchWiki
Customizing the XDM Login Screen | Linux Journal



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