Which of the following antidiabetic medication works by inhibiting carbohydrate breakdown?
Answer(s): A
Acarbose is an alpha glucosidase inhibitor that inhibits carbohydrate breakdown. Metformin is a biguanide that decreases hepatic glucose production. Dapagliflozin is a SGLT2 inhibitor to decrease glucose reabsorption in the kidney. Pioglitazone is a TZD that increases insulin sensitivity. Sitagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor that works on incretins/increase insulin secretion/decrease glucagon secretion.
Which of the following would you use for aspiration pneumonia with an intention to cover anaerobes?
Answer(s): C
Cefepime, levofloxacin, cefazolin does not provide good coverage of anaerobes. Ampicillin- sulbactam and piperacillin-tazobactam provide anaerobic coverage.
You get an order for 5% amino acid 15% dextrose premixed parenteral nutrition solution, 2 L at 83mls/hr. Your pharmacy technician tells you there is manufacture’s backorder on those. How many ml of 20% dextrose would you need to provide the same amount of dextrose in 24 hrs?
15% dextrose = 15gm/100ml = 300gm/2000ml. Patient needs 300gm. 300gm/Xml = 20gm/100ml = 1500ml
A physician orders 300gms of albumin post paracentesis, how many milliliters of 25% albumin do you need to give 300gms?
Answer(s): D
25g/100ml = 300g/Xml Xml = 1200mL
Which of the following antidiabetic medication may cause cyanocobalamin deficiency?
Answer(s): E
Metformin is associated with vitamin B12 deficiency because it affects the calcium dependent membrane uptake of it. All other drug classes are not associated with this.
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