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Free NCLEX-RN Exam Braindumps (page: 171)

Page 171 of 431
PDF with 862 Questions

A 52-year-old client is scheduled for a small-bowel resection in the morning. In conjunction with other preoperative preparation, the nurse is teaching her diaphragmatic breathing exercises. She will teach the client to:

  1. Inhale slowly and deeply through the nose until the lungs are fully expanded, hold the breath a couple of seconds, and then exhale slowly through the mouth. Repeat 2­3 more times to complete the series every 1­2 hours while awake
  2. Purse the lips and take quick, short breaths approximately 18­20 times/min
  3. Take a large gulp of air into the mouth, hold it for 10­15 seconds, and then expel it through the nose. Repeat 4­5 times to complete the series
  4. Inhale as deeply as possible and then immediately exhale as deeply as possible at a rate of approximately 20­24 times/min

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

(A) This is the correct method of teaching diaphragmatic breathing, which allows full lung expansion to increase oxygenation, prevent atelectasis, and move secretions up and out of the lungs to decrease risk of pneumonia. (B) Quick, short breaths do not allow for full lung expansion and movement of secretions up and out of the lungs. Quick, short breaths may lead to O2 depletion, hyperventilation, and hypoxia. (C) Expelling breaths through the nose does not allow for full lung expansion and the use of diaphragmatic muscles to assist in moving secretions up and out of the lungs. (D) Inhaling and exhaling at a rate of 20­24 times/min does not allow time for full lung expansion to increase oxygenation. This would most likely lead to O2 depletion and hypoxia.



A 52-year-old client is scheduled for a small-bowel resection in the morning. In conjunction with other preoperative preparation, the nurse is teaching her diaphragmatic breathing exercises. She will teach the client to:

  1. Inhale slowly and deeply through the nose until the lungs are fully expanded, hold the breath a couple of seconds, and then exhale slowly through the mouth. Repeat 2­3 more times to complete the series every 1­2 hours while awake
  2. Purse the lips and take quick, short breaths approximately 18­20 times/min
  3. Take a large gulp of air into the mouth, hold it for 10­15 seconds, and then expel it through the nose. Repeat 4­5 times to complete the series
  4. Inhale as deeply as possible and then immediately exhale as deeply as possible at a rate of approximately 20­24 times/min

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

(A) This is the correct method of teaching diaphragmatic breathing, which allows full lung expansion to increase oxygenation, prevent atelectasis, and move secretions up and out of the lungs to decrease risk of pneumonia. (B) Quick, short breaths do not allow for full lung expansion and movement of secretions up and out of the lungs. Quick, short breaths may lead to O2 depletion, hyperventilation, and hypoxia. (C) Expelling breaths through the nose does not allow for full lung expansion and the use of diaphragmatic muscles to assist in moving secretions up and out of the lungs. (D) Inhaling and exhaling at a rate of 20­24 times/min does not allow time for full lung expansion to increase oxygenation. This would most likely lead to O2 depletion and hypoxia.



A client's renal calculi are identified as consisting of calcium phosphate. Which of the following diets would be appropriate?

  1. High calcium, low phosphorus
  2. Low calcium, high phosphorus
  3. Two-gram sodium diet
  4. Low calcium and phosphorus, acid ash

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

(A) The stones consist of calcium and phosphorus; therefore, these minerals should be avoided. A high-calcium diet is contraindicated. (B) A high-phosphorus diet is contraindicated. (C) A 2-g sodium diet is a cardiac diet. (D) A low-calcium and phosphorus diet will reduce further calculi formation.



A client's renal calculi are identified as consisting of calcium phosphate. Which of the following diets would be appropriate?

  1. High calcium, low phosphorus
  2. Low calcium, high phosphorus
  3. Two-gram sodium diet
  4. Low calcium and phosphorus, acid ash

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

(A) The stones consist of calcium and phosphorus; therefore, these minerals should be avoided. A high-calcium diet is contraindicated. (B) A high-phosphorus diet is contraindicated. (C) A 2-g sodium diet is a cardiac diet. (D) A low-calcium and phosphorus diet will reduce further calculi formation.



Page 171 of 431



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Naveen Ahlam commented on November 29, 2024
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