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NCLEX NCLEX-RN Exam
National Council Licensure Examination - NCLEX-RN (Page 57 )

Updated On: 26-Jan-2026
Page 57 of 345
PDF with 862 Questions

When teaching a sex education class, the nurse identifies the most common STDs in the United States as:

  1. Chlamydia
  2. Herpes genitalis
  3. Syphilis
  4. Gonorrhea

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

(A) Chlamydia trachomatis infection is the most common STD in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend screening of all high-risk women, such as adolescents and women with multiple sex partners. (B) Herpes simplex genitalia is estimated to be found in 5­20 million people in the United States and is rising in occurrence yearly. (C) Syphilis is a chronic infection caused by Treponema pallidum. Over the last several years the number of people infected has begun to increase. (D) Gonorrhea is a bacterial infection caused by the organism Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Although gonorrhea is common, chlamydia is still the most common STD.



A 3-year-old child is hospitalized with burns covering her trunk and lower extremities. Which of the following would the nurse use to assess adequacy of fluid resuscitation in the burned child?

  1. Blood pressure
  2. Serum potassium level
  3. Urine output
  4. Pulse rate

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

(A) Blood pressure can remain normotensive even in a state of hypovolemia. (B) Serum potassium is not reliable for determining adequacy of fluid resuscitation. (C) Urine output, alteration in sensorium, and capillary refill are the most reliable indicators for assessing adequacy of fluid resuscitation. (D) Pulse rate may vary for many reasons and is not a reliable indicator for assessing adequacy of fluid resuscitation.



The cardiac client who exhibits the symptoms of disorientation, lethargy, and seizures may be exhibiting a toxic reaction to:

  1. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
  2. Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
  3. Quinidine gluconate or sulfate (Quinaglute,Quinidex)
  4. Nitroglycerin IV (Tridil)

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

(A) Side effects of digoxin include headache, hypotension, AV block, blurred vision, and yellow-green halos. (B) Side effects of lidocaine include heart block, headache, dizziness, confusion, tremor, lethargy, and convulsions. (C) Side effects of quinidine include heart block, hepatotoxicity, thrombocytopenia, and respiratory depression. (D) Side effects of nitroglycerin include postural hypotension, headache, dizziness, and flushing.



When evaluating a client with symptoms of shock, it is important for the nurse to differentiate between neurogenic and hypovolemic shock. The symptoms of neurogenic shock differ from hypovolemic shock in that:

  1. In neurogenic shock, the skin is warm and dry
  2. In hypovolemic shock, there is a bradycardia
  3. In hypovolemic shock, capillary refill is less than 2 seconds
  4. In neurogenic shock, there is delayed capillary refill

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

(A) Neurogenic shock is caused by injury to the cervical region, which leads to loss of sympathetic control. This loss leads to vasodilation of the vascular beds, bradycardia resulting from the lack of sympathetic balance to parasympathetic stimuli from the vagus nerve, and the loss of the ability to sweat below the level of injury. In neurogenic shock, the client is hypotensive but bradycardiac with warm, dry skin. (B) In hypovolemic shock, the client ishypotensive and tachycardiac with cool skin. (C) In hypovolemic shock, the capillary refill would be>5 seconds. (D) In neurogenic shock, there is no capillary delay, the vascular beds are dilated, and peripheral flow is good.



Which of the following would the nurse expect to find following respiratory assessment of a client with advanced emphysema?

  1. Distant breath sounds
  2. Increased heart sounds
  3. Decreased anteroposterior chest diameter
  4. Collapsed neck veins

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

(A) Distant breath sounds are found in clients with emphysema owing to increased anteroposterior chest diameter, overdistention, and air trapping. (B) Deceased heart sounds arepresent because of the increased anteroposterior chest diameter. (C) A barrel- shaped chest is characteristic of emphysema. (D) Increased distention of neck veins is found owing to right-sided heart failure, which may be present in advanced emphysema.



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