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NCLEX NCLEX-RN Exam Questions
National Council Licensure Examination - NCLEX-RN (Page 8 )

Updated On: 21-Feb-2026
Page 8 of 345
PDF with 862 Questions

When evaluating a client with symptoms of shock, it is important for the nurse to differentiate between neurogenic and hypovolemic shock. The symptoms of neurogenic shock differ from hypovolemic shock in that:

  1. In neurogenic shock, the skin is warm and dry
  2. In hypovolemic shock, there is a bradycardia
  3. In hypovolemic shock, capillary refill is less than 2 seconds
  4. In neurogenic shock, there is delayed capillary refill

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

(A) Neurogenic shock is caused by injury to the cervical region, which leads to loss of sympathetic control. This loss leads to vasodilation of the vascular beds, bradycardia resulting from the lack of sympathetic balance to parasympathetic stimuli from the vagus nerve, and the loss of the ability to sweat below the level of injury. In neurogenic shock, the client is hypotensive but bradycardiac with warm, dry skin. (B) In hypovolemic shock, the client ishypotensive and tachycardiac with cool skin. (C) In hypovolemic shock, the capillary refill would be>5 seconds. (D) In neurogenic shock, there is no capillary delay, the vascular beds are dilated, and peripheral flow is good.



When evaluating a client with symptoms of shock, it is important for the nurse to differentiate between neurogenic and hypovolemic shock. The symptoms of neurogenic shock differ from hypovolemic shock in that:

  1. In neurogenic shock, the skin is warm and dry
  2. In hypovolemic shock, there is a bradycardia
  3. In hypovolemic shock, capillary refill is less than 2 seconds
  4. In neurogenic shock, there is delayed capillary refill

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

(A) Neurogenic shock is caused by injury to the cervical region, which leads to loss of sympathetic control. This loss leads to vasodilation of the vascular beds, bradycardia resulting from the lack of sympathetic balance to parasympathetic stimuli from the vagus nerve, and the loss of the ability to sweat below the level of injury. In neurogenic shock, the client is hypotensive but bradycardiac with warm, dry skin. (B) In hypovolemic shock, the client ishypotensive and tachycardiac with cool skin. (C) In hypovolemic shock, the capillary refill would be>5 seconds. (D) In neurogenic shock, there is no capillary delay, the vascular beds are dilated, and peripheral flow is good.



The cardiac client who exhibits the symptoms of disorientation, lethargy, and seizures may be exhibiting a toxic reaction to:

  1. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
  2. Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
  3. Quinidine gluconate or sulfate (Quinaglute,Quinidex)
  4. Nitroglycerin IV (Tridil)

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

(A) Side effects of digoxin include headache, hypotension, AV block, blurred vision, and yellow-green halos. (B) Side effects of lidocaine include heart block, headache, dizziness, confusion, tremor, lethargy, and convulsions. (C) Side effects of quinidine include heart block, hepatotoxicity, thrombocytopenia, and respiratory depression. (D) Side effects of nitroglycerin include postural hypotension, headache, dizziness, and flushing.



The cardiac client who exhibits the symptoms of disorientation, lethargy, and seizures may be exhibiting a toxic reaction to:

  1. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
  2. Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
  3. Quinidine gluconate or sulfate (Quinaglute,Quinidex)
  4. Nitroglycerin IV (Tridil)

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

(A) Side effects of digoxin include headache, hypotension, AV block, blurred vision, and yellow-green halos. (B) Side effects of lidocaine include heart block, headache, dizziness, confusion, tremor, lethargy, and convulsions. (C) Side effects of quinidine include heart block, hepatotoxicity, thrombocytopenia, and respiratory depression. (D) Side effects of nitroglycerin include postural hypotension, headache, dizziness, and flushing.



A 3-year-old child is hospitalized with burns covering her trunk and lower extremities. Which of the following would the nurse use to assess adequacy of fluid resuscitation in the burned child?

  1. Blood pressure
  2. Serum potassium level
  3. Urine output
  4. Pulse rate

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

(A) Blood pressure can remain normotensive even in a state of hypovolemia. (B) Serum potassium is not reliable for determining adequacy of fluid resuscitation. (C) Urine output, alteration in sensorium, and capillary refill are the most reliable indicators for assessing adequacy of fluid resuscitation. (D) Pulse rate may vary for many reasons and is not a reliable indicator for assessing adequacy of fluid resuscitation.






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