QUESTION: 41

Choose the correct answer :
Consider the following diagram fragment:

Assume that the system is in StateAl
Which sequence of behaviors could be executed in moving the system to StateC?

a6, a2, a7, al2
a4, a3, a1, a2, a7, a8, a12
a4, a6, a3, a1, a7, a8, a11
a4, a4, a3, a2, a7, a7, a9, a9, a12

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

Assuming the system is in StateA1, the behaviors (or actions) executed when moving to StateC would begin with any behaviors associated with internal transitions or exit actions within StateA1. Transition a6 would be the trigger to go from StateA1 to StateA2, executing a4 (the exit action of StateA1) before the transition. Upon exiting StateA altogether (a3 is the exit action for StateA), the system would follow the transition labeled a1 to StateB, executing a7 as the entry action of StateB. Then, the transition from StateB to StateC would occur, likely with an internal trigger within StateB or by completion, followed by a11 to complete the transition into StateC. The actions follow the flow of state transitions and the associated entry and exit actions as prescribed by UML state machine behavior specifications.

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QUESTION: 42

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Which behavioral process can be modeled by a FunctionBehavior?

populating a file-based Spreadsheet with mathematical functions and their input values
turning on or off a light in room depending on whether people are or are not in that room
taking the next 5 elements out of a First in First Out queue
return an array containing the Fibonacci sequence (0.1.1. 2. 3. 5.....n) for a given parameter n
UML has no concept of FunctionBehavior.

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

A FunctionBehavior in UML is a specialized form of behavior that specifies a function that, when executed, yields results influenced only by its input arguments and its internal attributes, without any side effects (e.g., altering global variables or I/O operations). This makes it stateless. Among the options provided:
A involves I/O operations which are not covered under FunctionBehavior as it implies side effects. B deals with environmental inputs and actuator control, not just function computation. C could be considered but implies a state change which again might involve side effects, depending on the implementation.
D purely involves calculation based on input parameters, which fits the definition of FunctionBehavior perfectly, as it is a stateless computation. E is incorrect because UML indeed includes the concept of FunctionBehavior.

Reference:

UML Specification, Section on Behaviors
Further details on FunctionBehaviors can be found in the UML 2.5 Documentation under the Classification and Behaviors sections.

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QUESTION: 43

Choose the correct answer :
Which statement is correct about StateMachme Redefinition?

UML has no concept or discussion of StateMachine Redefinition.
StateMachine Redefinition is the act of altering an existing StateMachine to support new States or new Events.
When a modeler corrects typographical errors or removes inappropriate States in their StateMachine, they are redefining that StateMachine.
StateMachine Redefinition is a necessary capability in UML because UML allows modelers to specialize Classifiers and their Behavior definitions.

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

StateMachine Redefinition in UML allows for the specialization of a StateMachine by a derived Classifier. This is crucial as it ties into the broader capability of UML to specialize behaviors and classifiers:
A is incorrect; UML does discuss StateMachine Redefinition. B describes one aspect of redefinition but is too narrow as it omits that redefinition can also redefine transitions and internal behaviors, not just states or events. C describes more of an error correction or revision process, which is not specifically what StateMachine Redefinition is about.
D captures the essence of StateMachine Redefinition, emphasizing that it is a necessary extension of UML's capabilities to allow for specialization and refinement of classifiers and their behaviors.

Reference:

UML Specification, Section on StateMachines

StateMachine Redefinition is further elaborated in UML 2.5 Documentation under the Behavior StateMachines sections.

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QUESTION: 44

Choose the correct answer :
Which statement is correct about redefinition of simple States?

A simple State cannot be redefined
A simple State can be redefined by excluding it in a redefined StateMachine.
A simple State can be redefined as a composite State with one or more Regions.
State Redefinition is not a UML capability.

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

In UML, a simple State can indeed be redefined, but the specifics of how it is redefined matter:
A is incorrect as redefinition of States, including simple States, is permitted. B is correct. A simple State can be effectively removed or altered through redefinition in a derived StateMachine, which could include changing its type or characteristics. C suggests that a simple State can be turned into a composite State.
While theoretically possible in the context of redefinition, this option might be considered a significant alteration that could be misleading without additional context.
D is incorrect; UML does support State Redefinition.

Reference:

UML Specification, particularly the sections on Redefinition and StateMachines. Detailed rules on state redefinition are outlined in the UML 2.5 Documentation, specifically under StateMachine specializations.

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