QUESTION: 21

Choose the correct answer :

What is the meaning of the relationship shown in the diagram below?

class B is the creator of class A
class A is dependent on class B
class B is dependent on class A
class A can be reached (torn class B

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

In UML 2, the dashed arrow with an open arrowhead represents a dependency relationship. In the context of class diagrams, a dependency relationship indicates that changes to one class (the independent class) may cause changes in the other class (the dependent class). The direction of the arrow specifies which class is dependent on which. In the given diagram, the arrow points from class A to class B, which means that class A is dependent on class B. This could manifest as class A using some services or functions of class B, for example.

Reference:

UML 2.5 Specification Document: The official document by the Object Management Group (OMG), which defines the syntax and semantics of UML.

UML Distilled: A Brief Guide to the Standard Object Modeling Language, Third Edition by Martin Fowler: This book provides a clear guide to UML and includes examples of dependency relationships.

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QUESTION: 22

Choose the correct answer :

A structured class called System has two parts called Subsystem 1 and Subsystem2 respectively, as shown in the class diagram fragment below:

Which of the following diagrams contains an equivalent definition of System?

A)

B)

C)

D)

Option
Option
Option
Option

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

In UML 2, a structured class can have internal parts, which are depicted using 'parts' or 'roles' within the class diagram. These internal parts are used to show the composition of the class in terms of contained classes or components. In the context of the question, the structured class named 'System' contains two parts named 'Subsystem1' and 'Subsystem2'.

Option C is the equivalent definition of 'System' in terms of UML 2 notation for several reasons:

It represents the structured class 'System' with internal parts correctly labeled as 's1:Subsystem1' and 's2:Subsystem2-[ ]', which indicates the role names 's1' and 's2' followed by the class type 'Subsystem1' and 'Subsystem2' respectively. The notation '1..*' after 's2:Subsystem2-[ ]' suggests a multiplicity, meaning that there can be one or many instances of 'Subsystem2' associated with

'System'.

The compartmentalization within the structured class is indicative of the composition of the 'System', showing that 'Subsystem1' and 'Subsystem2' are integral parts of the 'System'.

The notation conforms to the standard UML 2 representation for composite structures, as described in the UML 2 Superstructure Specification, where a class can be broken down into its constituent parts within the class rectangle.

This information is verified against the UML 2 Superstructure Specification, which is the authoritative source for UML notation and semantics. Particularly, this aligns with section 9.3.5 on Composite Structures Diagrams, which details the graphical notation for parts and roles within a structured class.

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QUESTION: 23

Choose the correct answer : OpaqueExpression can use which languages?

onlyOCL
only programming languages
only Mathematical Expressions
any language

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

An OpaqueExpression in UML 2 is used to specify behavior in a textual form when it is not necessary to specify which language is used, or when it is not possible to use graphical notation. According to the UML 2 specification, an OpaqueExpression is not limited to any particular language; it can represent expressions written in any language.

The key characteristics of an OpaqueExpression are as follows:

The 'body' of an OpaqueExpression is a sequence of strings, where each string could be written in a different language. This means it has the capacity to include multiple languages simultaneously.

The 'language' attribute is optional and is used to indicate the languages of the respective 'body' parts.

The allowance for any language is clearly stated in the UML 2 Infrastructure Specification. OpaqueExpression is designed to be a flexible way to capture expressions that are not readily expressible in UML or when using a language outside the scope of UML (e.g., mathematical expressions, programming languages, or other domain-specific languages).

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QUESTION: 24

Choose the correct answer :

In UML modeling, what is the (unction of Comments?

to provide additional semantics to the model elements
to provide useful information to the reader of the model
to enable automatic generation of comments in the code
to add UML constraints to one or more model elements of the diagrams

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

In UML, Comments are annotations that can be attached to most elements within UML diagrams. Their primary function is not to affect the semantics of the model directly but to provide useful information to anyone reading the model. Comments can help explain or clarify design decisions,

make notes about specific parts of the model, or provide any other context necessary for understanding the model better.

The role of Comments in UML is not to enable automatic generation of code comments or to add constraints or semantics to model elements, although they can be associated with model elements to highlight or explain specific attributes or relationships.

Reference:

UML 2.x Superstructure Specification: This document describes Comments as a way to provide human-readable descriptions and notes that do not impact the execution or structure of the model but are crucial for documentation and understanding.

UML 2.x Infrastructure Specification: Further delineates the role of comments in providing clarifications and additional information useful for model interpretation.

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QUESTION: 21

Explanation:

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QUESTION: 22

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QUESTION: 23

Explanation:

QUESTION: 24

Explanation:

Reference:

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