QUESTION: 5

What should be reviewed when log forwarding from an NGFW to Strata Logging Service becomes disconnected?

Device certificates
Decryption profile
Auth codes
Software warranty

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

When log forwarding from a Palo Alto Networks NGFW to the Strata Logging Service (formerly Cortex Data Lake) becomes disconnected, the primary aspect to review is device certificates. This is because the firewall uses certificates for mutual authentication with the logging service. If these certificates are missing, expired, or invalid, the firewall will fail to establish a secure connection, preventing log forwarding.

Key Reasons Why Device Certificates Are Critical

Authentication Requirement The NGFW uses a Palo Alto Networks-issued device certificate for authentication before it can send logs to the Strata Logging Service.

Expiration Issues If the certificate has expired, the NGFW will be unable to authenticate, causing a disconnection.

Misconfiguration or Revocation If the certificate is not properly installed, revoked, or incorrectly assigned, the logging service will reject log forwarding attempts.

Cloud Trust Relationship The firewall relies on secure cloud-based authentication, where certificates validate the NGFW's identity before log ingestion.

How to Verify and Fix Certificate Issues

Check Certificate Status

Navigate to Device > Certificates in the NGFW web interface.

Verify the presence of a valid Palo Alto Networks device certificate.

Look for expiration dates and renew if necessary.

Reinstall Certificates

If the certificate is missing or invalid, reinstall it by retrieving the correct device certificate from the Palo Alto Networks Customer Support Portal (CSP).

Ensure Correct Certificate Chain

Verify that the correct root CA certificate is installed and trusted by the firewall.

Confirm Connectivity to Strata Logging Service

Ensure that outbound connections to the logging service are not blocked due to misconfigured security policies, firewalls, or proxies.

Other Answer Choices Analysis

(B) Decryption Profile SSL/TLS decryption settings affect traffic inspection but have no impact on log forwarding.

(C) Auth Codes Authentication codes are used during the initial device registration with Strata Logging Service but do not impact ongoing log forwarding.

(D) Software Warranty The firewall's warranty does not influence log forwarding; however, an active support license is required for continuous access to Strata Logging Service.

Reference and Justification:

Firewall Deployment Certificates are fundamental to secure NGFW cloud communication.

Security Policies Proper authentication ensures logs are securely transmitted.

Threat Prevention & WildFire Logging failures could impact threat visibility and WildFire analysis.

Panorama Uses the same authentication mechanisms for centralized logging.

Zero Trust Architectures Requires strict identity verification, including valid certificates.

Thus, Device Certificates (A) is the correct answer, as log forwarding depends on a valid, authenticated certificate to establish connectivity with Strata Logging Service.

Reveal Solution Next Question

QUESTION: 6

In Prisma SD-WAN. what is the recommended initial action when VoIP traffic experiences high latency and packet loss during business hours?

Configure a new VPN gateway connection.
Monitor real-time path performance metrics.
Add new link tags to existing interfaces.
Disable the most recently created path quality.

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

VoIP (Voice over IP) traffic is highly sensitive to network conditions, including latency, jitter, and packet loss. In Prisma SD-WAN, maintaining optimal VoIP quality requires dynamic path selection and real-time monitoring of network conditions.

Recommended Initial Action: Monitoring Real-Time Path Performance Metrics

When VoIP traffic experiences high latency and packet loss during business hours, the first step is to analyze real-time path performance metrics in Prisma SD-WAN's monitoring dashboard.

Why Real-Time Monitoring is Crucial?

Identifies the Affected Links Prisma SD-WAN continuously monitors path quality metrics for each available WAN link (e.g., MPLS, broadband, LTE).

Provides Insights on Congestion Real-time monitoring helps determine whether the issue is caused by congestion, ISP problems, or packet drops.

Aids in Dynamic Path Selection Prisma SD-WAN can automatically switch to a better-performing path based on live telemetry data.

Avoids Unnecessary Configuration Changes Without accurate diagnostics, changing VPN gateways or link tags may not address the root cause.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect?

A) Configure a new VPN gateway connection.

Incorrect, because the issue is VoIP performance degradation due to latency and packet loss, not a VPN gateway failure.

A new VPN connection won't resolve ongoing traffic congestion in the current SD-WAN path.

C) Add new link tags to existing interfaces.

Incorrect, because adding new link tags does not immediately resolve latency and packet loss issues.

Link tags help classify WAN links for application-aware routing, but the immediate priority is to analyze performance metrics first.

D) Disable the most recently created path quality.

Incorrect, because disabling a path quality profile without understanding the cause could negatively impact failover and traffic steering policies.

Instead, monitoring real-time metrics first ensures the right corrective action is taken.

Reference to Firewall Deployment and Security Features:

Firewall Deployment Prisma SD-WAN is deployed alongside Palo Alto firewalls for network security and traffic steering.

Security Policies Ensures VoIP traffic is prioritized with QoS and traffic shaping policies.

VPN Configurations Uses IPsec tunnels and Dynamic Path Selection (DPS) for optimal WAN performance.

Threat Prevention Detects and mitigates network-based attacks impacting VoIP performance.

WildFire Integration Not directly related but helps detect malicious traffic within VoIP signaling.

Panorama Centralized logging and monitoring of SD-WAN path quality metrics across multiple locations.

Zero Trust Architectures Enforces identity-based access controls for secure VoIP communications.

Thus, the correct answer is:
B) Monitor real-time path performance metrics.

Reveal Solution Next Question

QUESTION: 7

A hospital system allows mobile medical imaging trailers to connect directly to the internal network of its various campuses. The network security team is concerned about this direct connection and wants to begin implementing a Zero Trust approach in the flat network.

Which solution provides cost-effective network segmentation and security enforcement in this scenario?

Deploy edge firewalls at each campus entry point to monitor and control various traffic types through direct connection with the trailers.
Manually inspect large images like holograms and MRIs, but permit smaller images to pass freely through the campus core firewalls.
Configure separate zones to isolate the imaging trailer's traffic and apply enforcement using the existing campus core firewalls.
Configure access control lists on the campus core switches to control and inspect traffic based on image size, type, and frequency.

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

In a Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA), network segmentation is critical to prevent unauthorized lateral movement within a flat network. Since the hospital system allows mobile medical imaging trailers to connect directly to its internal network, this poses a significant security risk, as these trailers may introduce malware, vulnerabilities, or unauthorized access to sensitive medical data.

The most cost-effective and practical solution in this scenario is:

Creating separate security zones for the imaging trailers.

Applying access control and inspection policies via the hospital's existing core firewalls instead of deploying new hardware.

Implementing strict policy enforcement to ensure that only authorized communication occurs between the trailers and the hospital's network.

Why Separate Zones with Enforcement is the Best Solution?

Network Segmentation for Zero Trust

By placing the medical imaging trailers in their own firewall-enforced zone, they are isolated from the main hospital network.

This reduces attack surface and prevents an infected trailer from spreading malware to critical hospital systems.

Granular security policies ensure only necessary communications occur between zones.

Cost-Effective Approach

Uses existing core firewalls instead of deploying costly additional edge firewalls at every campus.

Reduces complexity by leveraging the current security infrastructure.

Visibility & Security Enforcement

The firewall enforces security policies, such as allowing only medical imaging protocols while blocking unauthorized traffic.

Integration with Threat Prevention and WildFire ensures that malicious files or traffic anomalies are detected.

Logging and monitoring via Panorama helps the security team track and respond to threats effectively.

Other Answer Choices Analysis

(A) Deploy edge firewalls at each campus entry point

This is an expensive approach, requiring multiple hardware firewalls at every hospital location.

While effective, it is not the most cost-efficient solution when existing core firewalls can enforce the necessary segmentation and policies.

(B) Manually inspect large images like holograms and MRIs

This does not align with Zero Trust principles.

Manual inspection is impractical, as it slows down medical workflows.

Threats do not depend on image size; malware can be embedded in small and large files alike.

(D) Configure access control lists (ACLs) on core switches

ACLs are limited in security enforcement, as they operate at Layer 3/4 and do not provide deep inspection (e.g., malware scanning, user authentication, or Zero Trust enforcement).

Firewalls offer application-layer visibility, which ACLs on switches cannot provide.

Switches do not log and analyze threats like firewalls do.

Reference and Justification:

Firewall Deployment Firewall-enforced network segmentation is a key practice in Zero Trust.

Security Policies Granular policies ensure medical imaging traffic is controlled and monitored.

VPN Configurations If remote trailers are involved, secure VPN access can be enforced within the zones.

Threat Prevention & WildFire Firewalls can scan imaging files (e.g., DICOM images) for malware.

Panorama Centralized visibility into all traffic between hospital zones and trailers.

Zero Trust Architectures This solution follows Zero Trust principles by segmenting untrusted devices and enforcing least privilege access.

Thus, Configuring separate zones (C) is the correct answer, as it provides cost-effective segmentation, Zero Trust enforcement, and security visibility using existing firewall infrastructure.

Reveal Solution Next Question

QUESTION: 8

How does Panorama improve reporting capabilities of an organization's next-generation firewall deployment?

By aggregating and analyzing logs from multiple firewalls
By automating all Security policy creations for multiple firewalls
By pushing out all firewall policies from a single physical appliance
By replacing the need for individual firewall deployment

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Panorama is Palo Alto Networks' centralized management platform for Next-Generation Firewalls (NGFWs). One of its key functions is to aggregate and analyze logs from multiple firewalls, which significantly enhances reporting and visibility across an organization's security infrastructure.

How Panorama Improves Reporting Capabilities:

Centralized Log Collection Panorama collects logs from multiple firewalls, allowing administrators to analyze security events holistically.

Advanced Data Analytics It provides rich visual reports, dashboards, and event correlation for security trends, network traffic, and threat intelligence.

Automated Log Forwarding Logs can be forwarded to SIEM solutions or stored for long-term compliance auditing.

Enhanced Threat Intelligence Integrated with Threat Prevention and WildFire, Panorama correlates logs to detect malware, intrusions, and suspicious activity across multiple locations.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect?

B) By automating all Security policy creations for multiple firewalls.

Incorrect, because while Panorama enables centralized policy management, it does not fully automate policy creation--administrators must still define and configure policies.

C) By pushing out all firewall policies from a single physical appliance.

Incorrect, because Panorama is available as a virtual appliance as well, not just a physical one.

While it pushes security policies, its primary enhancement to reporting is log aggregation and analysis.

D) By replacing the need for individual firewall deployment.

Incorrect, because firewalls are still required for traffic enforcement and threat prevention.

Panorama does not replace firewalls; it centralizes their management and reporting.

Reference to Firewall Deployment and Security Features:

Firewall Deployment Panorama provides centralized log analysis for distributed NGFWs.

Security Policies Supports policy-based logging and compliance reporting.

VPN Configurations Provides visibility into IPsec and GlobalProtect VPN logs.

Threat Prevention Enhances reporting for malware, intrusion attempts, and exploit detection.

WildFire Integration Stores WildFire malware detection logs for forensic analysis.

Zero Trust Architectures Supports log-based risk assessment for Zero Trust implementations.

Thus, the correct answer is:
A) By aggregating and analyzing logs from multiple firewalls.

Reveal Solution Next Question

Free NetSec-Generalist Exam Braindumps (page: 3)

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