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Free ACT Test Exam Braindumps (page: 137)

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A mixture that is made by dissolving one compound (solute) in another (solvent) is called a solution. The amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent at a given temperature is called solubility. For most substances, solubility increases with temperature. When the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent exceeds the solubility, the solution is called supersaturated. Rock candy can be made by dissolving as much sugar in water, as solubility would allow at a high temperature, and then slowly cooling the solution to room temperature. If a thin string is dipped into it and left in the solution, the sugar in excess of the solubility at room temperature will form sugar crystals around the string, making the sweet rock candy. The solubility (in grams of sugar per 100 grams of water) as a function of temperature (in degrees Celsius) is plotted in the graph below.



Solubility is defined as:

  1. a supersaturated mixture.
  2. a mixture that is made by dissolving a solute in a solution.
  3. the amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent at a given temperature.
  4. the temperature that causes super saturation.

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

According to the passage, solubility is defined as the amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent at a given temperature.



A mixture that is made by dissolving one compound (solute) in another (solvent) is called a solution. The amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent at a given temperature is called solubility. For most substances, solubility increases with temperature. When the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent exceeds the solubility, the solution is called supersaturated. Rock candy can be made by dissolving as much sugar in water, as solubility would allow at a high temperature, and then slowly cooling the solution to room temperature. If a thin string is dipped into it and left in the solution, the sugar in excess of the solubility at room temperature will form sugar crystals around the string, making the sweet rock candy. The solubility (in grams of sugar per 100 grams of water) as a function of temperature (in degrees Celsius) is plotted in the graph below.





What is the approximate difference in temperature for the solubility of 200 grams of sugar/100 grams of water and 250 grams of sugar/100 grams of water?

  1. 10 degrees Celsius
  2. 20 degrees Celsius
  3. 30 degrees Celsius
  4. 40 degrees Celsius

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

The solubility of 200 grams of sugar/100 grams of water is 20 degrees Celsius. The solubility of 250 grams of sugar/100 grams of water is 40 degrees Celsius. Therefore, the difference in temperature is 20 degrees Celsius.



A mixture that is made by dissolving one compound (solute) in another (solvent) is called a solution. The amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent at a given temperature is called solubility. For most substances, solubility increases with temperature. When the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent exceeds the solubility, the solution is called supersaturated. Rock candy can be made by dissolving as much sugar in water, as solubility would allow at a high temperature, and then slowly cooling the solution to room temperature. If a thin string is dipped into it and left in the solution, the sugar in excess of the solubility at room temperature will form sugar crystals around the string, making the sweet rock candy. The solubility (in grams of sugar per 100 grams of water) as a function of temperature (in degrees Celsius) is plotted in the graph below.





In a solution of sugar and water, which is the solvent and which is the solute?

  1. solvent: sugar; solute: water
  2. solvent: rock candy; solute: water
  3. solvent: water; solute: sugar
  4. solvent: water; solute: rock candy

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

According to the passage, the compound that is dissolved is the solute, while the liquid is the solvent.
Therefore, in sugar water, sugar is the solute and water is the solvent.



You set up an experiment to investigate the different rates at which soil and water heat and cool. You use the following equipment:

Thermometers (measuring in °C)

Container of soil

Container of water

Radiation Lamp

Timer

You obtain the temperature of the soil and water over a period of time and collect the following data:





The following graph was then made using the data.





Based on the results of the experiment, what is true about the heating and cooling rates of soil and water?

  1. Water heats faster, but cools slower.
  2. Water heats and cools faster.
  3. Soil heats faster, but cools slower.
  4. Soil heats and cools faster.

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

The graphs and the data tables both show that the temperature of the soil increases more quickly during the heating up period and decreases more quickly during the cooling off period. This indicates that the soil heats and cools faster. The correct choice is D.






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