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American College Testing: English, Math, Reading, Science, Writing Questions 551–555 (page: 112)

Updated On: 9-Feb-2026

You set up an experiment to investigate the different rates at which soil and water heat and cool. You use the following equipment:

Thermometers (measuring in °C)

Container of soil

Container of water

Radiation Lamp

Timer

You obtain the temperature of the soil and water over a period of time and collect the following data:





The following graph was then made using the data.




What is the difference in temperature between soil and water during the 13th minute?

  1. 7 degrees Celsius
  2. 7.5 degrees Celsius
  3. 8 degrees Celsius
  4. 8.5 degrees Celsius

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

In the 13th minute, the soil is 30.5 degrees Celsius and the water is 22.0. The difference in temperature is 8.5 degrees Celsius.



The heart is an organ that pumps blood throughout the circulatory system in the body. Red blood cells are a tissue in the body that carry nutrients to the body's cells and waste away from the body's cells. The heart rate increases or decreases depending on the body's needs to transport nutrients and waste.

In an experiment, a female had her heart monitored. For one minute, she sat in a chair quietly. At the end of the first minute to the end of the third minute she did jumping jacks. Finally, she sat again in the chair and waited until her heart rate went back to her resting heart rate as measured in the first minute. After performing this experiment, the following graph was created.





How long did it take for the resting heart rate to return after the exercising stopped?

  1. 1 minute 15 seconds
  2. 1 minute 30 seconds
  3. 1 minute 45 seconds
  4. 2 minutes

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

The exercise stopped at 4 minutes, but the heart rate did not return to its resting rate until about 5 minutes 45 seconds. Remember that between each of the minute lines on the graph, are 60 seconds. So, if a point falls halfway between 5 and 6 minutes, that is 5 minutes and 30 seconds.



The heart is an organ that pumps blood throughout the circulatory system in the body. Red blood cells are a tissue in the body that carry nutrients to the body's cells and waste away from the body's cells. The heart rate increases or decreases depending on the body's needs to transport nutrients and waste.

In an experiment, a female had her heart monitored. For one minute, she sat in a chair quietly. At the end of the first minute to the end of the third minute she did jumping jacks. Finally, she sat again in the chair and waited until her heart rate went back to her resting heart rate as measured in the first minute. After performing this experiment, the following graph was created.





How long did it take for the heart rate to respond to the initial exercise?

  1. 1 minute
  2. 45 seconds
  3. 30 seconds
  4. 15 seconds

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

The exercise started at the beginning of the 1 minute and by a quarter of a minute later (60 divided by 4 = 15 seconds) the heart rate started its steep incline.



The heart is an organ that pumps blood throughout the circulatory system in the body. Red blood cells are a tissue in the body that carry nutrients to the body's cells and waste away from the body's cells. The heart rate increases or decreases depending on the body's needs to transport nutrients and waste.

In an experiment, a female had her heart monitored. For one minute, she sat in a chair quietly. At the end of the first minute to the end of the third minute she did jumping jacks. Finally, she sat again in the chair and waited until her heart rate went back to her resting heart rate as measured in the first minute. After performing this experiment, the following graph was created.



Which of the following is an accurate pattern found in Graph 1?

  1. The recovery time is shorter than the time it took for the heart rate to peak, due to the increase in exercise.
  2. The recovery time is longer than the time it took for the heart rate to peak, due to the increase in exercise.
  3. The recovery time is equal to the time it took for the heart rate to peak, due to the increase in exercise.
  4. The recovery time was equal to the resting heart rate time.

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

The total time for the heart rate to reach its peak height was 1 minute 15 seconds, while the total time for the heart rate to go through recovery time was about 1 minute 30 seconds.



The heart is an organ that pumps blood throughout the circulatory system in the body. Red blood cells are a tissue in the body that carry nutrients to the body's cells and waste away from the body's cells. The heart rate increases or decreases depending on the body's needs to transport nutrients and waste.

In an experiment, a female had her heart monitored. For one minute, she sat in a chair quietly. At the end of the first minute to the end of the third minute she did jumping jacks. Finally, she sat again in the chair and waited until her heart rate went back to her resting heart rate as measured in the first minute. After performing this experiment, the following graph was created.





Which of the following statements is true?

I). During exercise the blood needs to carry fewer nutrients throughout the body.
II). The body does not need any nutrients when at rest.
III). Waste is carried away from cells only during exercise.
IV). During exercise the blood needs to carry more nutrients and wastes throughout the body.

  1. I and III
  2. III only
  3. II and III
  4. IV only

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

According to the text above Graph 1, the heart rate increases or decreases depending on the body's need to transport waste and nutrients. Therefore during exercise, the heart rate increases in order to transport more of these materials.



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