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Free CLEP Science and Mathematics Exam Braindumps (page: 8)

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Two plants (A and B) of different species are growing together in the same pot. When plant A is removed and grown in a separate pot, it rapidly grows much taller than it had been before, while plant B dies. Which term describes the type of relationship that plants A and B most likely had?

  1. Mutualism
    Plant B dies without its host (plant A) around it, while the host can grow larger in the new pot, no longer weakened by the presence of the parasitic plant
  2. Commensalism
    A polymorphism is not a word that describes a relationship between two different species, but rather indicates that a particular trait (e.g. coloration) exists only as discrete variations in a population (in other words: black or white but no combination or continuous blending of those colors).
  3. Competition
  4. Parasitism
  5. Polymorphism

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

It is likely that plant B was a parasite of plant

A) Plant B dies without its host (plant A) around it, while the host can grow larger in the new pot, no longer weakened by the presence of the parasitic plant
B) A polymorphism is not a word that describes a relationship between two different species, but rather indicates that a particular trait (e.g. coloration) exists only as discrete variations in a population (in other words: black or white but no combination or continuous blending of those colors).



The oxygen dissociation curve of human fetal hemoglobin differs significantly from that of the mother, as shown below. What characteristic of fetal hemoglobin might account for the fact that fetal hemoglobin is able to pick up oxygen from the mother's blood at a significant distance from the mother's lungs?

  1. The hemoglobin of the fetus cannot bind oxygen as strongly as the hemoglobin of the mother.
  2. Fetal hemoglobin binds oxygen at lower partial pressures and becomes fully saturated at lower partial pressures.
  3. Fetal hemoglobin has iron unlike maternal hemoglobin.
  4. Fetal hemoglobin needs higher partial pressures of oxygen than maternal hemoglobin in order to become fully saturated with oxygen.
  5. There is more hemoglobin packed into the red blood cells of fetuses than into the red blood cells of adults.

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

The choice that makes the most sense here is that fetal hemoglobin can bind to oxygen at lower partial pressures. The "pressure" of oxygen is highest in the bloodstream at the lungs but falls progressively as blood moves through the body, since oxygen is leaving and there is less oxygen gas. By the time maternal blood reaches the placenta, the partial pressure of oxygen has fallen dramatically, yet fetal hemoglobin is able to fully saturate itself with oxygen at these lower partial pressures, something that adult hemoglobin could not do. This is an important physiological adaptation for the fetus in order to pull the maximum amount of oxygen from the mother's bloodstream into the fetal bloodstream.



Red plants (R) are dominant to green plants (r). Crossing homozygous red plants with homozygous green plants would result in which of the following phenotype/genotype combinations?

  1. RR.. red
  2. Rr.. red
  3. rr.. green
  4. rr.. red
  5. Rr.. red with green patches

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

Crossing red plants (RR) with green ones (rr) would result in 100% Rr offspring, which would all be red since they have at least one copy of the dominant allele (R).



Proteins that bind to the surfaces of pathogens and help to destroy the pathogens are known as

  1. antibodies
  2. antigens
  3. histamine
  4. macrophages
  5. hormones

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

Antibodies are Y-shaped proteins secreted by plasma B cells. These proteins can attach to and cause the clumping together of pathogenic cells or toxin molecules, which are then engulfed and destroyed by macrophages. The antigens are the foreign proteins on the pathogen surface that the antibodies bind to.






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