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Free STEP1 Exam Braindumps (page: 8)

Page 8 of 213
PDF with 845 Questions

In cleaning the teeth in a patient, a dental hygienist accidentally cuts the gums of the posterior two molar teeth in the lower jaw on the lateral side. The pain of this injury is registered by which of the following nerves?

  1. anterior, middle, and posterior superior alveolar nerves
  2. buccal nerve
  3. greater palatine nerve
  4. lingual nerve
  5. nasopalatine nerve

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

The gums on the lateral side of the mandibular molar teeth are innervated by the buccal nerve (long buccal nerve). All three superior alveolar nerves (choice A) supply the gums lateral to all maxillary teeth. The greater palatine nerve (choice C) innervates the gums medial to the maxillary premolar and molar teeth.
The lingual nerve (choice D) supplies the gums medial to all mandibular teeth. The nasopalatine nerve (choice E) innervates the gums posterior to the maxillary incisors.



Recanalization of the bile duct after the 13th week after fertilization allows for bile produced in the liver to reach the duodenum. However, if recanalization fails to occur and this cannot be corrected surgically, the affected infant will need a liver transplant. During development, the liver arises from which of the following?

  1. foregut
  2. hindgut
  3. midgut
  4. pleuroperitoneal membrane
  5. septum transversum

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

The liver arises as a ventral outgrowth from the caudal portion of the foregut. The midgut (choice C) arises past the junction point between the bile duct and the duodenum, distal to the formative outgrowth of the liver. The midgut gives rise to the small intestine and part of the large intestine. The hindgut (choice B) arises further distally and gives rise to the rest of the large intestine, the superior part of the anal canal, the epithelium of the urinary bladder, and most of the urethra. The pleuroperitoneal membrane (choice D) and the septum transversum (choice E) are developmental components of the diaphragm.



A 48-year-old female patient is brought to the emergency room by her husband. He reports that his wife suffers from hypertension but, as a high-level executive with a lot of pressure at work, she has been neglecting to take her medication. This morning, as he entered the garage to leave for work, he found his wife lying on the ground next to her own car. She was experiencing uncontrolled flailing of the left arm and leg. What is the most likely site of brain lesion in this patient?

  1. anterior limb of the left internal capsule
  2. anterior limb of the right internal capsule
  3. cerebellum
  4. left subthalamic nucleus of Luys
  5. right subthalamic nucleus of Luys

Answer(s): E

Explanation:

Hemiballismus is a movement disorder characterized by involuntary large amplitude movements of one or both limbs on one side of the body. It results from infarct damage to the contralateral subthalamic nucleus of Luys, in this case the right one. The left subthalamic nucleus (choice D) controls the limbs on the right side of the body, which are not affected in this case. The anterior limbs of the internal capsule (choices Aand B) contain mainly thalamocortical and corticothalamic fibers and lesions in these areas do not result in hemiballismus. Lesions in the cerebellum (choice C) also do not result in hemiballismus.



During a direct inguinal hernia repair operation, the attending surgeon reminds the firstyear surgical resident that an anatomical variation for the origin of the obturator artery exists. This artery normally arises from the internal iliac artery but it may also originate directly from which of the following vessels?

  1. common iliac artery
  2. external iliac artery
  3. inferior epigastric artery
  4. inferior vesical artery
  5. superior vesical artery

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

The obturator artery can originate from the inferior epigastric artery, a location which renders it vulnerable during inguinal hernia surgical repair. The common iliac artery (choice A) only has two branches, the external and internal iliac arteries. Within the pelvis, the external iliac artery (choice B) gives out two branches, the deep circumflex iliac and inferior epigastric arteries. The superior (choice E) and inferior (choice D) vesical arteries are branches of the internal iliac arteries, supplying the bladder.






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