The following questions identify health care planning methods used by various organizations. The answer options are strategies that may correspond to these methods. Select the strategy that best corresponds to each health care planning method.A maternal and child health care system employs program-based planning to address its goals.
Answer(s): D
Program planning concerns itself with neither the fiscal need for a particular service nor its marketability. By definition, "the program" (e.g., maternal and child health care) will be developed and provided as directed by the state or local government. The planning is directed to carry out program goals for a targeted (select) population (pregnant women and their infants). This type of planning is necessary to implement government or private foundation-sponsored programs.
For each of the diseases listed, select the arthropod vector responsible for its transmission.Epidemic typhus
Answer(s): C
Epidemic typhus (classical typhus fever, or louse-borne typhus) has disappeared from most areas of the world but might reappear in conditions of famine, war, or other disasters. There are small areas where it is endemic. The responsible organism, a rickettsia, is conveyed from case to case by the human body louse,F. humanus corporis. Malaria, in its various forms (Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, and Plasmodium malariae), is spread from human to human by females of the various Anopheles group of mosquitoes. Dengue fever has a worldwide distribution in tropical and subtropical areas. In addition to producing the classical fever with severe myalgia (breakbone fever), it can also cause a hemorrhagic fever. The causative agent, a group B arbovirus with four distinct serogroups, is virus- conveyed from case to case by the A aegypti mosquito. Colorado tick fever occurs mainly in mountainous areas of the United States within the range of its vector, D. andersoni. The highest incidence is in May and June. Several hundred cases are recorded annually, but it is likely that the actual incidence is much higher.Avoidance of tick bites is the principal control measure. Yellow fever, the prototypical viral hemorrhagic fever, is African in origin but has spread to and remains endemic in equatorial regions of Central and South America. The vector, A. aegypti, has also spread worldwide, but surprisingly, cases have not been reported in India and Southeast Asia. The illness varies in severity from a mild, nonspecific fever to a more severe condition with hemorrhagic, hepatic, and renal manifestations.
For each of the diseases listed, select the arthropod vector responsible for its transmission.Malaria
Answer(s): B
For each of the diseases listed, select the arthropod vector responsible for its transmission.Dengue fever
Answer(s): A
For each of the diseases listed, select the arthropod vector responsible for its transmission.Colorado tick fever
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