QUESTION: 1

A company needs to architect a hybrid DNS solution. This solution will use an Amazon Route 53 private hosted zone for the domain cloud.example.com for the resources stored within VPCs.

The company has the following DNS resolution requirements:

-On-premises systems should be able to resolve and connect to cloud.example.com.
-All VPCs should be able to resolve cloud.example.com.

There is already an AWS Direct Connect connection between the on-premises corporate network and AWS Transit Gateway.

Which architecture should the company use to meet these requirements with the HIGHEST performance?

Associate the private hosted zone to all the VPCs. Create a Route 53 inbound resolver in the shared services VPC. Attach all VPCs to the transit gateway and create forwarding rules in the on-premises DNS server for cloud.example.com that point to the inbound resolver.
Associate the private hosted zone to all the VPCs. Deploy an Amazon EC2 conditional forwarder in the shared services VPC. Attach all VPCs to the transit gateway and create forwarding rules in the on-premises DNS server for cloud.example.com that point to the conditional forwarder.
Associate the private hosted zone to the shared services VP Create a Route 53 outbound resolver in the shared services VP Attach all VPCs to the transit gateway and create forwarding rules in the on-premises DNS server for cloud.example.com that point to the outbound resolver.
Associate the private hosted zone to the shared services VPC. Create a Route 53 inbound resolver in the shared services VPC. Attach the shared services VPC to the transit gateway and create forwarding rules in the on-premises DNS server for cloud.example.com that point to the inbound resolver.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

The best architecture for this scenario is to associate the private hosted zone with all VPCs, ensuring that each VPC can directly resolve cloud.example.com. By deploying a Route 53 inbound resolver in the shared services VPC, DNS queries from on-premises systems can be forwarded through the Direct Connect and Transit Gateway to the resolver, providing high-performance resolution of the private hosted zone. This setup ensures both on-premises and VPC resources can access the domain with minimal latency.

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QUESTION: 2

A company is providing weather data over a REST-based API to several customers. The API is hosted by Amazon API Gateway and is integrated with different AWS Lambda functions for each API operation. The company uses Amazon Route 53 for DNS and has created a resource record of weather.example.com. The company stores data for the API in Amazon DynamoDB tables. The company needs a solution that will give the API the ability to fail over to a different AWS Region.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Deploy a new set of Lambda functions in a new Region. Update the API Gateway API to use an edge-optimized API endpoint with Lambda functions from both Regions as targets. Convert the DynamoDB tables to global tables.
Deploy a new API Gateway API and Lambda functions in another Region. Change the Route 53 DNS record to a multivalue answer. Add both API Gateway APIs to the answer. Enable target health monitoring. Convert the DynamoDB tables to global tables.
Deploy a new API Gateway API and Lambda functions in another Region. Change the Route 53 DNS record to a failover record. Enable target health monitoring. Convert the DynamoDB tables to global tables.
Deploy a new API Gateway API in a new Region. Change the Lambda functions to global functions. Change the Route 53 DNS record to a multivalue answer. Add both API Gateway APIs to the answer. Enable target health monitoring. Convert the DynamoDB tables to global tables.

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

To achieve failover across AWS Regions for the API, the company needs to deploy both API Gateway and Lambda functions in a secondary Region. Using Route 53 with a failover routing policy ensures that if the primary Region becomes unavailable, traffic is routed to the secondary Region. Enabling target health monitoring ensures that Route 53 detects outages and automatically shifts traffic. Additionally, converting the DynamoDB tables to global tables ensures data consistency and availability across Regions.

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QUESTION: 3

A company uses AWS Organizations with a single OU named Production to manage multiple accounts. All accounts are members of the Production OU. Administrators use deny list SCPs in the root of the organization to manage access to restricted services.

The company recently acquired a new business unit and invited the new unit’s existing AWS account to the organization. Once onboarded, the administrators of the new business unit discovered that they are not able to update existing AWS Config rules to meet the company’s policies.

Which option will allow administrators to make changes and continue to enforce the current policies without introducing additional long-term maintenance?

Remove the organization’s root SCPs that limit access to AWS Config. Create AWS Service Catalog products for the company’s standard AWS Config rules and deploy them throughout the organization, including the new account.
Create a temporary OU named Onboarding for the new account. Apply an SCP to the Onboarding OU to allow AWS Config actions. Move the new account to the Production OU when adjustments to AWS Config are complete.
Convert the organization’s root SCPs from deny list SCPs to allow list SCPs to allow the required services only. Temporarily apply an SCP to the organization’s root that allows AWS Config actions for principals only in the new account.
Create a temporary OU named Onboarding for the new account. Apply an SCP to the Onboarding OU to allow AWS Config actions. Move the organization’s root SCP to the Production OU. Move the new account to the Production OU when adjustments to AWS Config are complete.

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

To allow the new business unit to update AWS Config rules while still enforcing the organization’s policies, the solution involves creating a temporary Onboarding OU for the new account and applying a more permissive SCP to allow AWS Config actions. This avoids changing the existing SCPs in the root and ensures that the new account can make necessary changes. Once the onboarding is complete, the account can be moved back to the Production OU, and the organization’s root SCPs can continue to enforce policies without additional long-term maintenance.

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QUESTION: 4

A company is running a two-tier web-based application in an on-premises data center. The application layer consists of a single server running a stateful application. The application connects to a PostgreSQL database running on a separate server. The application’s user base is expected to grow significantly, so the company is migrating the application and database to AWS. The solution will use Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL, Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling, and Elastic Load Balancing.

Which solution will provide a consistent user experience that will allow the application and database tiers to scale?

Enable Aurora Auto Scaling for Aurora Replicas. Use a Network Load Balancer with the least outstanding requests routing algorithm and sticky sessions enabled.
Enable Aurora Auto Scaling for Aurora writers. Use an Application Load Balancer with the round robin routing algorithm and sticky sessions enabled.
Enable Aurora Auto Scaling for Aurora Replicas. Use an Application Load Balancer with the round robin routing and sticky sessions enabled.
Enable Aurora Scaling for Aurora writers. Use a Network Load Balancer with the least outstanding requests routing algorithm and sticky sessions enabled.

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

To scale the application and database tiers while maintaining a consistent user experience, the solution should use Aurora Auto Scaling for Aurora Replicas to handle read traffic and enable automatic scaling. An Application Load Balancer (ALB) with the round-robin routing algorithm efficiently distributes traffic across EC2 instances in the Auto Scaling group. Sticky sessions ensure that users are consistently directed to the same application server, maintaining session continuity for the stateful application.

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