QUESTION: 9

A retail company is operating its ecommerce application on AWS. The application runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The company uses an Amazon RDS DB instance as the database backend. Amazon CloudFront is configured with one origin that points to the ALB. Static content is cached. Amazon Route 53 is used to host all public zones.

After an update of the application, the ALB occasionally returns a 502 status code (Bad Gateway) error. The root cause is malformed HTTP headers that are returned to the ALB. The webpage returns successfully when a solutions architect reloads the webpage immediately after the error occurs.

While the company is working on the problem, the solutions architect needs to provide a custom error page instead of the standard ALB error page to visitors.

Which combination of steps will meet this requirement with the LEAST amount of operational overhead? (Choose two.)

Create an Amazon S3 bucket. Configure the S3 bucket to host a static webpage. Upload the custom error pages to Amazon S3.
Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm to invoke an AWS Lambda function if the ALB health check response Target.FailedHealthChecks is greater than 0. Configure the Lambda function to modify the forwarding rule at the ALB to point to a publicly accessible web server.
Modify the existing Amazon Route 53 records by adding health checks. Configure a fallback target if the health check fails. Modify DNS records to point to a publicly accessible webpage.
Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm to invoke an AWS Lambda function if the ALB health check response Elb.InternalError is greater than 0. Configure the Lambda function to modify the forwarding rule at the ALB to point to a public accessible web server.
Add a custom error response by configuring a CloudFront custom error page. Modify DNS records to point to a publicly accessible web page.

Answer(s): A,E

Explanation:

To provide a custom error page with minimal operational overhead:

A: Create an Amazon S3 bucket. Configure the S3 bucket to host a static webpage. Upload the custom error pages to Amazon S3.

This allows for a simple and scalable way to serve custom error pages.
E: Add a custom error response by configuring a CloudFront custom error page. Modify DNS records to point to a publicly accessible web page.

This ensures users see a custom error page through CloudFront, reducing backend load and providing a seamless experience.

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QUESTION: 10

A company has many AWS accounts and uses AWS Organizations to manage all of them. A solutions architect must implement a solution that the company can use to share a common network across multiple accounts.

The company’s infrastructure team has a dedicated infrastructure account that has a VPC. The infrastructure team must use this account to manage the network. Individual accounts cannot have the ability to manage their own networks. However, individual accounts must be able to create AWS resources within subnets.

Which combination of actions should the solutions architect perform to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Create a transit gateway in the infrastructure account.
Enable resource sharing from the AWS Organizations management account.
Create VPCs in each AWS account within the organization in AWS Organizations. Configure the VPCs to share the same CIDR range and subnets as the VPC in the infrastructure account. Peer the VPCs in each individual account with the VPC in the infrastructure account.
Create a resource share in AWS Resource Access Manager in the infrastructure account. Select the specific AWS Organizations OU that will use the shared network. Select each subnet to associate with the resource share.
Create a resource share in AWS Resource Access Manager in the infrastructure account. Select the specific AWS Organizations OU that will use the shared network. Select each prefix list to associate with the resource share.

Answer(s): B,D

Explanation:

To share a common network across multiple AWS accounts, the solutions architect should leverage AWS Resource Access Manager (RAM) and AWS Organizations for efficient and secure resource sharing.

B: Enable resource sharing from the AWS Organizations management account: This action allows the sharing of resources, such as VPCs and subnets, across accounts within the organization. AWS Organizations helps streamline governance and resource management across multiple AWS accounts.

D: Create a resource share in AWS Resource Access Manager in the infrastructure account: By using AWS RAM, the infrastructure team can share specific resources like subnets with other accounts, ensuring that individual accounts can create resources in shared subnets without managing their own network infrastructure. RAM allows secure and managed sharing of resources within the organization's structure.

These steps ensure that the network is centrally managed by the infrastructure team while still allowing other accounts to deploy resources within the shared network environment.

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QUESTION: 11

A company wants to use a third-party software-as-a-service (SaaS) application. The third-party SaaS application is consumed through several API calls. The third-party SaaS application also runs on AWS inside a VPC.

The company will consume the third-party SaaS application from inside a VPC. The company has internal security policies that mandate the use of private connectivity that does not traverse the internet. No resources that run in the company VPC are allowed to be accessed from outside the company’s VPC. All permissions must conform to the principles of least privilege.

Which solution meets these requirements?

Create an AWS PrivateLink interface VPC endpoint. Connect this endpoint to the endpoint service that the third-party SaaS application provides. Create a security group to limit the access to the endpoint. Associate the security group with the endpoint.
Create an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection between the third-party SaaS application and the company VPC. Configure network ACLs to limit access across the VPN tunnels.
Create a VPC peering connection between the third-party SaaS application and the company VP Update route tables by adding the needed routes for the peering connection.
Create an AWS PrivateLink endpoint service. Ask the third-party SaaS provider to create an interface VPC endpoint for this endpoint service. Grant permissions for the endpoint service to the specific account of the third-party SaaS provider.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

A: Create an AWS PrivateLink interface VPC endpoint is the correct solution because AWS PrivateLink allows secure, private connectivity between VPCs and third-party SaaS applications without exposing traffic to the internet. The traffic between the company’s VPC and the third-party SaaS application stays within the AWS network, adhering to the company's internal security policies that mandate private connectivity.

By creating an interface VPC endpoint, the company ensures that the third-party SaaS API calls are handled privately and securely. The use of security groups on the endpoint further restricts access and conforms to the principle of least privilege, limiting communication only to the necessary resources.

This approach eliminates the need for VPNs or VPC peering, which could either expose data to unnecessary risks or lead to more complex routing configurations.

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QUESTION: 12

A company needs to implement a patching process for its servers. The on-premises servers and Amazon EC2 instances use a variety of tools to perform patching. Management requires a single report showing the patch status of all the servers and instances.

Which set of actions should a solutions architect take to meet these requirements?

Use AWS Systems Manager to manage patches on the on-premises servers and EC2 instances. Use Systems Manager to generate patch compliance reports.
Use AWS OpsWorks to manage patches on the on-premises servers and EC2 instances. Use Amazon QuickSight integration with OpsWorks to generate patch compliance reports.
Use an Amazon EventBridge rule to apply patches by scheduling an AWS Systems Manager patch remediation job. Use Amazon Inspector to generate patch compliance reports.
Use AWS OpsWorks to manage patches on the on-premises servers and EC2 instances. Use AWS X-Ray to post the patch status to AWS Systems Manager OpsCenter to generate patch compliance reports.

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

A: Use AWS Systems Manager to manage patches on the on-premises servers and EC2 instances is the correct solution because AWS Systems Manager provides a unified approach for patch management across both on-premises servers and EC2 instances. Systems Manager's Patch Manager component can automate the process of patching and ensure compliance with patching policies.

Additionally, Systems Manager offers the capability to generate detailed patch compliance reports, which meet the requirement for a single report showing the patch status of all servers and instances, both on-premises and in the cloud. This approach simplifies the patching process and provides centralized visibility into patch compliance across environments.

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