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Financial CMA Exam
Certified Management Accountant (Page 46 )

Updated On: 30-Jan-2026
Page 46 of 270
PDF with 1336 Questions
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When evaluating a capital budgeting project, a company's treasurer wants to know how changes in operating income and the number of years in the project's useful life will affect its breakeven internal rate of return. The treasurer is most likely to use

  1. Scenario analysis.
  2. Sensitivity analysis.
  3. Monte Carlo simulation.
  4. Learning curve analysis.

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

Forecasts of many calculated NPVs under various assumptions are compared to see how sensitive NPV is to changing conditions. Changing or relaxing the assumptions about a certain variable or group of variables may drastically alter the NPV). Thus, the asset may appear to be much riskier than was originally predicted. In summary, sensitivity analysis is simply an iterative process of recalculated returns based on changing assumptions.



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Carco, Inc. wants to use discounted cash flow techniques when analyzing its capital investment projects. The company is aware of the uncertainly involved in estimating future cash flows. A simple method some companies employ to adjust for the uncertainly inherent in their estimates is to

  1. Prepare a direct analysis of the probability of outcomes.
  2. Use accelerated depreciation.
  3. Adjust the minimum desired rate of return.
  4. Increase the estimates of the cash flows.

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

Uncertainly can be compensated for by adjusting the desired rate of return. If projects have relatively uncertain returns, a higher rate should be required. A lower rate of return may be acceptable given greater certainly. The concept is that with increased risk should come increased rewards1 i.e., a higher rate of return.



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The accountant of Ronier, Inc. has prepared an analysis of a proposed capital project using discounted cash flow techniques. One manager has questioned the accuracy of the results because the discount factors employed in the analysis have assumed the cash flows occurred at the end of the year when the cash flows actually occurred uniformly throughout each year. The net present value calculated by the accountant will

  1. Not be in error.
  2. Be slightly overstated.
  3. Be unusable for actual decision making.
  4. Be slightly understated but usable.

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

The effect of assuming cash flows occur at the end of the year simply understates the present values of the future cash flows, in reality, they probably occur on the average at mid-year.



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The internal rate of return on an investment

  1. Usually coincides with the company's hurdle rate.
  2. Disregards discounted cash flows.
  3. May produce different rankings from the net present value method on mutually exclusive projects.
  4. Would tend to be reduced if a company used an accelerated method of depreciation for tax purposes rather than the straight-line method.

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

Investment projects may be mutually exclusive under conditions of capital rationing (limited capital). In other words, scarcity of resources will prevent an entity from undertaking all available profitable activities. Under the PR method, an interest rate is computed such that the present value of the expected future cash flows equals the cost of the investment (NPV = 0). The IRR method assumes that the cash flows will be reinvested at the IRR. The NPV is the excess of the present value of the estimated net cash inflows over the net cost of the investment. The cost of capital must be specified in the NPV method. An assumption of the NPV method is that cash flows from the investment will be reinvested at the particular project's cost of capital. Because of the difference in the assumptions regarding the reinvestment of cash flows, the two methods will occasionally give different answers regarding the ranking of mutually exclusive projects. Moreover, the IRR method may rank several small, short-lived projects ahead of a large project with a lower rate of return but with a longer life span. However, the large project might return more dollars to the company because of the larger amount invested and the longer time span over which earnings will accrue. When faced with capital rationing, an investor will want to invest in projects that generate the most dollars in relation to the limited resources available and the size and returns from the possible investments. Thus, the NPV method should be used because it determines the aggregate present value for each feasible combination of projects.



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High-Tech Industries is considering the acquisition of a new state-of-the-art manufacturing machine to replace a less efficient machine. Hi-Tech has completed a net present value analysis and found it to be favorable. Which one of the following factors should not be of concern to Hi-Tech in its acquisition considerations?

  1. The availability of any necessary financing.
  2. The probability of near-term technological changes to the manufacturing process.
  3. The investment tax credit.
  4. Maintenance requirements, warranties, and availability of service arrangements.

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

The investment tax credit is of no concern because it no longer exists. The 1986 Tax Reform Act eliminated the investment tax credit.



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