SCALE : TONE :
Answer(s): A
This is a “part-to-whole” analogy. A musical SCALE is comprised of a series of TONES that are arranged in a fixed sequence; similarly, the spectrum is comprised of a series of colors arranged in a particular sequence.
SANDAL : FOOTPRINT ::
Answer(s): E
This is a “symptom or sign” analogy. A SANDAL leaves behind it a FOOTPRINT that traces the sandal’s path; similarly, a boat leaves behind it a wake that traces the boat’s path.
DAM : DELUGE ::
Answer(s): C
This is an “operates against” (prevention) analogy. You DAM (a body of water) to prevent a DELUGE (sudden, enormous flow); similarly, you lock something like a door or a safe in order to prevent a theft
WAR : OFFENSIVE ::
This is an “environment for” analogy. An OFFENSIVE (a noun here) is an event—a planned attack—that typically occurs during a WAR. Similarly, a dream is an event that typically occurs during slumber (deep sleep). As for choice (D), soccer is an event that might take place in a stadium. But to say that soccer usually occurs in a stadium would be an overstatement. Also, a stadium is a physical place, whereas WAR and slumber are events.
SONG : SERENADE ::
This is a “type of” (special category) analogy. A SERENADE is a special kind of SONG, one sung by a lover to his beloved, sometimes in secret; similarly, a tryst is a special kind of appointment, one made by lovers, often in secret.
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