IMPORTANT : PIVOTAL ::
Answer(s): A
This is a “form of” (degree or extent) analogy. PIVOTAL means “extremely IMPORTANT,” just as draconian means “extremely stern.” The analogy is based on degree.
SCULPTURE : SHAVING ::
Answer(s): B
This is a “result of” (process and product) analogy. When engaging in the art of SCULPTURE, especially wood sculpture, the artist produces a SHAVING, which is a byproduct of the sculpting process. When a person commits a burglary, the burglar’s arrest is a possible result, or byproduct. Another key to this analogy is that in neither case is the result the actor’s main objective or intention.
PRIZE : LOTTERY ::
Answer(s): D
This is a “result or product” analogy. The objective (final result) of a LOTTERY typically is a PRIZE, awarded to the lottery winner. Similarly, the objective (final result) of attending college typically is to be awarded a diploma. Choice B. does not provide as strong an analogy—a loan, although it’s one possible reason to engage a bank, is not an award.
CIRCUMSPECT : VIGILANCE ::
Answer(s): C
This is a “defining characteristic” analogy. A person who is CIRCUMSPECT (cautious, wary, guarded, or watchful) is by definition characterized by VIGILANCE (watchfulness); similarly, a person who is ardent (zealous or eager) is by definition characterized by enthusiasm.
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