DESIGNATION : STIGMA ::
Answer(s): B
This is a “negative form of” analogy. A STIGMA (mark or sign of disgrace) is an unwanted DESIGNATION. Similarly, a predicament (difficult situation) is an unwanted circumstance.
TEACHER : INSTRUCTION ::
Answer(s): E
This is an “inherent function” analogy. The function of a TEACHER is to provide INSTRUCTION for another; similarly, the function of a guard is to provide protection for another. As for choice (D), although the “function” of a student might be said to learn, it is not to provide learning for another. So choice E. is not as strong an analogy as choice (D).
COG : WATCH ::
Answer(s): D
This is a “part-to-whole” analogy. A COG (gear or gear-tooth) is one of several types of components that together make a WATCH operate; similarly, a manager is one of many types of workers who contribute to the operation of a bureaucracy (a large, structured organization).
QUELL : UPRISING ::
This is one form of an “operates against” analogy. To QUELL is to suppress or put down, an act that eliminates an UPRISING; similarly, to quench is to completely satisfy a thirst, an act that eliminates it.
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