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ISACA Advanced in AI Audit Questions 221–225 (page: 46)

Updated On: 12-Sep-2026

An IS auditor reviewing documentation for an AI model notes that the modeler utilized a K-means clustering algorithm, which clusters data into categories for correlations and analysis.
Which of the following is the MOST important risk for the auditor to consider?

  1. K-means clustering is not a common data clustering method due to its complexity and difficulty categorizing data correctly.
  2. K-means clustering algorithms are significantly sensitive to outliers and dependent on the similarity of units of measure.
  3. K-means clustering determines the number of clusters for the modeler without supervision.
  4. K-means clustering requires the modeler to supervise the learning analysis, which can introduce bias.

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

The most important risk for the auditor to consider is that K-means clustering is significantly sensitive to outliers and dependent on the similarity of units of measure. These factors can distort clustering results, leading to inaccurate groupings and unreliable insights, which is critical in evaluating the reliability of the AI model.



The PRIMARY purpose of utilizing neural networks in AI is to:

  1. mimic human decision making
  2. improve the user interface
  3. minimize maintenance costs
  4. increase computational power

Answer(s): A

Explanation:

The primary purpose of utilizing neural networks in AI is to mimic human decision making. Neural networks are designed to model complex patterns and relationships in data, enabling AI systems to make decisions and predictions in a manner similar to human cognitive processes.



Which of the following controls MOST effectively helps to ensure an AI model is resilient against external threats?

  1. Monitoring of AI access logs
  2. AI model configuration testing
  3. AI data set anonymization
  4. Monitoring of AI model developers

Answer(s): B



Which of the following is the MOST important task when gathering data during the AI system development process?

  1. Isolating the system
  2. Stratifying the data
  3. Training the system
  4. Cleaning the data

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

The most important task when gathering data during AI system development is cleaning the data. High-quality, clean data is essential for producing accurate, reliable, and unbiased AI outcomes. Without proper cleaning, even advanced models can produce flawed or misleading results.



The PRIMARY objective of machine learning (ML) in data processing is to:

  1. analyze data sets to identify visual patterns and trends.
  2. enhance the explainability of AI model outputs.
  3. draw statistical inferences for creating artificial human intelligence.
  4. perform actions that would typically require human intelligence.

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

The primary objective of machine learning in data processing is to perform actions that would typically require human intelligence. ML enables systems to learn from data, identify patterns, and make decisions or predictions with minimal human intervention, closely emulating human cognitive tasks.



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