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NCLEX NCLEX-RN Exam
National Council Licensure Examination - NCLEX-RN (Page 27 )

Updated On: 12-Jan-2026
Page 27 of 345
PDF with 862 Questions

A client has a history of alcoholism. He is currently diagnosed with cirrhosis of the liver. The nurse would expect him to be on which type of diet?

  1. High protein and high calorie
  2. High calorie and high carbohydrate
  3. Low-fat 2-g sodium diet
  4. High protein and high fat

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

(A) A high-protein diet is contraindicated in hepatic disease. (B) High carbohydrates provide high-caloric content to prevent tissue catabolism. (C) A low-fat 2-g sodium diet is a cardiac diet; however, a low-fat diet would be beneficial. (D) A high-protein and high-fat diet is contraindicated in hepatic disease.



The nurse is caring for a client with pancreatitis. Which of the following IV medications would the nurse expect the physician to prescribe for control of pain in this client?

  1. Morphine sulfate
  2. Kerolac tromethamine (Toradol)
  3. Promethazine (Phenergan)
  4. Meperidine (Demerol)

Answer(s): D

Explanation:

(A) Morphine sulfate is contraindicated in clients with pancreatitis because it may cause spasms of the sphincter of Oddi and increase pancreatic pain. (B) Ketorolac tromethamine is currently not approved by the Food and Drug Administration for IV use. (C) Promethazine is a medication that has no analgesic properties. (D) Meperidine is the drug of choice for clients with pancreatitis. It will not cause spasms at the sphincter of Oddi, which can lead to increased pancreatic pain.



Prior to an amniocentesis, a fetal ultrasound is done in order to:

  1. Evaluate fetal lung maturity
  2. Evaluate the amount of amniotic fluid
  3. Locate the position of the placenta and fetus
  4. Ensure that the fetus is mature enough to perform the amniocentesis

Answer(s): C

Explanation:

(A) Amniocentesis can be performed to assess for lung maturity. Fetal ultrasound can be used for gestational dating, although it does not separately determine lung maturity. (B) Ultrasound can evaluate amniotic fluid volume, which may be used to determine congenital anomalies. (C) Amniocentesis involves removal of amniotic fluid for evaluation. The needle, inserted through the abdomen, is guided by ultrasound to avoid needle injuries, and the test evaluates the position of the placenta and the fetus. (D) Amniocentesis can be performed as early as the 15th­17th week of pregnancy.



A client has begun to exhibit signs of alcohol withdrawal. Her blood pressure has risen from 120/60 to 190/100, pulse is increased from 88 to 110 bpm, and she is irritable and agitated and has gross motor tremors of the hands. The nurse notifies the doctor. The nurse can anticipate that the doctor will order which of the following?

  1. An opiate such as propoxyphene napsylate (Darvocet)
  2. A benzodiazepine such as chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
  3. A tricyclic antidepressant such as amitriptyline (Elavil)
  4. A phenothiazine such as chlorpromazine (Thorazine)

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

(A) This answer is incorrect. Benzodiazepines are drugs of choice for alcohol withdrawal. (B) This answer is correct. The drug has a sedative effect, is safe, and has an anticonvulsant effect.(C) This answer is incorrect. Amitriptyline is an antidepressant. (D) This answer is incorrect. Chlorpromazine is most effective in psychotic disorders.



A 14-year-old client has a history of lying, stealing, and destruction of property. Personal items of peers have been found missing. After group therapy, a peer approaches the nurse to report that he has seen the 14- year-old with some of the missing items. The best response of the nurse is to:

  1. Request that he explain to the group why he took personal items from peers
  2. Approach him when he is alone to inquire about his involvement in the incident
  3. Imply to him that you doubt his involvement in the incident and request his denial
  4. Confront him openly in group and request an apology

Answer(s): B

Explanation:

(A) This answer is incorrect. There is no proof that he removed the missing items. (B) This answer is correct. Anxiety and defensiveness are lessened if the individual is approached in this manner. (C) This answer is incorrect. It is difficult for one to admit to wrongdoing with this approach. (D) This answer is incorrect. He has not yet been proved guilty. Confrontation will only increase defensiveness and anxiety.



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